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According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________aro
According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________aro
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2023-12-28
8
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问题
According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________around the world each year. [br]
Air pollution is a killer. The World Health Organization says it kills an estimated seven million people around the world each year. Even if polluted air does not kill us, it can make us very sick. However, breathing dirty air may do more than hurt your body. It can also affect your brain and your ability to think.
A new study shows that air pollution can cause a "huge" reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States. The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities in two areas: language and mathematics.
The researchers studied about 25, 000 people from across China. Between 2010 and 2014, these Chinese men, women and children were given language and math tests. Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person’s education level by about one year. Chen said that the effect generally is worse for those over 64 years of age, for men and for those with little or no education. "The older persons — they are more affected. And we find, quite interestingly, males are more affected than females. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors. "
The researchers noted that the effect of pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated.
In May 2018, the WHO reported that nine of every 10 people worldwide are breathing polluted air. The study we described earlier found that people who work outdoors fall into a high-risk group. However, that does not mean those who work inside buildings are safe from air pollution.
选项
A、A new study shows that air pollution can cause a "small" reduction in our intelligence.
B、The researchers reported that short-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities in two areas: language and mathematics.
C、Xi Chen of the Peking University of Public Health led the study.
D、In May 2018, the WHO reported that nine of every ten people worldwide are breathing polluted air.
答案
D
解析
事实细节的找寻和判断。A选项“一项研究表明大气污染会对智力造成少量损伤”属于颠倒是非,是对原文信息“A new study shows that air pollution can cause a‘huge’reduction in our intelligence”的直接考查,原文中提到的是“huge”,即“大气污染会对智力造成很大程度的损伤”,A选项与原文信息相悖。B选项“The researchers reported that short-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities in two areas:language and mathematics”表达的意思是“研究者表明短期接触空气污染会影响一个人在语言和数学两个方面的智力”,而原文“The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities in two areas:language and mathematics”提到的是“长期接触大气污染会影响一个人语言和数学方面的智力”,选项B偷换了概念。C选项“Xi Chen of the Peking University of Public Health led the study”中提到的是“北京大学”,而原文“Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study”中涉及的是“耶鲁大学”。正确选项D与原文信息表述一致,即“在2018年5月,世界卫生组织报告声称,全世界每10人中就有9人呼吸着被污染的空气”。
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