首页
登录
职称英语
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for non
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for non
游客
2023-12-23
57
管理
问题
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for nonsmokers as smoking is for smokers, but now there’s fresh evidence quantifying just how hazardous the after-burn from cigarettes can be, and how quickly it affects your body. Scientists at the Oregon Department of Health documented for the first time an hourly buildup of a cancer- causing compound from cigarette smoke in the blood of nonsmokers working in bars and restaurants in the state.
Reporting in the American Journal of Public Health, the researchers found that waitstaff and bartenders working a typical night shift gradually accumulated higher levels of NNK, a carcinogen in cigarette smoke, at the rate of 6% each hour they worked. NNK is known to be involved in inducing lung cancer in both lab rats and smokers.
"We were somewhat surprised by the immediacy of the effect and the fact that we could measure the average hourly increase," says Michael Stark, the lead author of the study and a principal investigator at the Mulmomah County Health Department in Oregon.
The authors are confident that the increases in NNK in the workers they tested most likely came from their exposure to smoke—the study included a control group of similar subjects in restaurants where no smoking was allowed. "There is experimental evidence from studies where you put nonsmokers in a room, blow smoke into the room and measure their artery function, that you see the platelets get sticky, which can cause clots and lead to a heart attack, and the ability of the arteries to dilate decreases very rapidly," says Dr. Matthew McKenna, director of the office on smoking and public health for the Centers for Disease Control.
All of which could mean more time loitering outside buildings and in alleyways for smokers intent on grabbing a puff. Thirteen states now prohibit smoking in restaurants altogether (most of these include bars as well), and while 11 states still put no restrictions on lighting up, individual cities within those states—such as Austin in Texas, for example have passed legislation banning smoking in eating establishments and other public areas.
It’s just getting harder to refute the scientific evidence; in a study done in Scotland several months after that nation instituted a ban on smoking in public places, researchers found that following the ban, bar patrons showed stronger lung capacity and reduced levels of inflammation (a red flag for a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease and asthma). "We made it pretty clear that the science on this is pretty irrefutable," says McKenna. And if smokers have fewer places to smoke, that message may finally get heard. [br] As is used in paragraph 4, the phrase "a control group" refers to______.
选项
A、people working at the Oregon Department of Health
B、people investigating at the Multnomah County Health Department in Oregon
C、people serving as a standard of comparison for checking test results
D、people involved in passing legislation banning smoking in eating establishments
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3298928.html
相关试题推荐
Researchershavediscoveredthatdolphinsareabletomimichumanspeech.A、impor
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
Someconsumerresearchersdistinguish【C1】______"rational"motivesand"emot
随机试题
Rabiesisallordinarilyinfectiousdiseaseofthecentralnervoussystem.I
Thatexperienceinfluencessubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbu
Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadto______(由手工操作而不是机械操作).beop
Iwalkeddownthecorridor,myfootstepsfrighteningly______throughtheempty
某航班固定成本为30万元,每个旅客的可变成本为400元,最多容纳260名旅客。该
采用超前钻探法进行超前地质预报时,断层、节理密集带或其他破碎富水地层每循环至少钻
发行人在持续督导期间出现下列情形之一的,中国证监会可根据情节轻重,自确认之日起3
我国创业板市场是在()正式启动。A.上交所 B.深交所 C.同时上交所和
(三)本题中进口货物系沈阳沈港电器产业有限公司(2101930×××)委托进
井下控制测量的基本方法有( )。A.经纬仪—钢尺导线 B.陀螺定向—光电测距
最新回复
(
0
)