首页
登录
职称英语
The term "formal learning" is used in this paper to refer to all learning th
The term "formal learning" is used in this paper to refer to all learning th
游客
2023-12-21
40
管理
问题
The term "formal learning" is used in this paper to refer to all learning that takes place in the classroom, irrespective of whether such learning is informed by conservative or progressive ideologies. "Informal learning", on the other hand, is used to refer to learning which takes place outside the classroom.
These definitions provide the essential, though by no means sole, difference between formal and informal learning. Formal learning is decontextualised from daily life and, indeed, as Scribner and Cole (1973: 553) have observed, may actually "promote ways of learning and thinking which often run counter to those nurtured in practical daily life". A characteristic feature of formal learning is the centrality of activities that are not closely paralleled by activities outside the classroom. The classroom can prepare for, draw on, and imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classroom, but it cannot, by its nature, consist of these challenges.
In doing this, language plays a critical role as the major channel for information exchange. "Success" in the classroom requires a student to master this abstract code. As Bernstein (1969: 152)noted, the language of the classroom is more similar to the language used by middle-class families than that used by working-class families. Middle-class children thus find it easier to acquire the language of the classroom than their working-class peers.
Informal learning, in contrast, occurs in the setting to which it relates, making learning immediately relevant. In this context, language does not occupy such an important role, the child’s experience of learning is more holistic, involving sight, touch, taste, and smell— senses that are under-utilised in the classroom.
While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child’s development. Adults or older children who are proficient in the skill or activity provide—sometimes unintentionally—target models of behaviour in the course of everyday activity. Informal learning, therefore, can take place at any time and is not subject to the limitations imposed by institutional timetabling.
The motivation of the learner provides another critical difference between the two modes of learning. The formal learner is generally motivated by some kind of external goal such as parental approval, social status, and potential financial reward. The informal learner, however, tends to be motivated by successful completion of the task itself and the partial acquisition of adult status.
选项
A、Differences between modes of learning.
B、Deficiencies of formal learning.
C、Advantages of informal learning.
D、Social context and learning systems.
答案
A
解析
此题为快速浏览题。据第2、6段的主题句、文章的结构以及诸如in contrast,while等提示对比的表达可知。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3293390.html
相关试题推荐
Theterm"formallearning"isusedinthispapertorefertoalllearningth
TheformaldiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStateswereestabli
"Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine"."Alittlelearningisadangerousthing"
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitud
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitud
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitud
[originaltext]GeorgeW.BushonFridaypresentedtoCongressaletterformal
[originaltext]GeorgeW.BushonFridaypresentedtoCongressaletterformal
Oneofthemanytheoriesaboutalcoholismisthelearningandreinforcementt
LearningforItsOwnSakeForme,scientifick
随机试题
[originaltext]Canyoureallymakenewfriendsasanadult?Imean,there’splen
MyfriendJaneoncefoundaweasel(鼬鼠)whenhewasveryyoung.Asshewasfo
PASSAGEFOURItfailstoprovidesuitableeducationforindividualstudents.根据文章第
[originaltext]TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisacountrymadeupofdifferen
A.1.50 B.1.40 C.1.29 D.1.21
阅读材料。根据要求完成教学设计任务。 材料:某高中物理教材“探究碰撞中的不变
参与胆固醇的逆向转运的载脂蛋白是A.CM B.VLDL C.LDL D.H
在社会工作督导中,哪种社会工作督导类型强调督导者承担更多的责任()。A.师徒
男,25岁,骑车跌倒后1小时来院。查体:BP100/60mmHg,心率100次
(2021年真题)型号为SSJL1448的半圆球吸顶灯安装项目,除安装类型外,其
最新回复
(
0
)