首页
登录
职称英语
The school year is winding down, but one faction within the world of educati
The school year is winding down, but one faction within the world of educati
游客
2023-12-15
41
管理
问题
The school year is winding down, but one faction within the world of education is ratcheting up: the anti-testing movement. More parents are pulling their kids out of end-of-year math and literacy assessments. More teachers and administrators are speaking up against testing—like the group of school district superintendents in Georgia who are calling on the state legislature to reconsider its test-based accountability system. And a national resolution condemning testing has now attracted the endorsements of more than 300 organizations and 8,500 individuals. Standardized testing is "an inadequate and often unreliable measure of both student learning and educator effectiveness," the resolution reads in part, and "the over-reliance on high-stakes standardized testing in state and federal accountability programs is undermining educational quality and equity in U.S. public schools."
Many of these complaints have merit: tests can warp the learning process and cause students enormous anxiety. But such concerns are mainly about "high-stakes" testing, in which a student’s achievement is judged, and a school’s status and funding are determined, by just a few big-deal tests. What we need, instead, is a regime of no-stakes testing. Entirely apart from their assessment function, tests are an enormously effective way to improve understanding and recall. By using the test as a learning tool instead of an evaluation instrument, we could help students avoid the perils of testing while garnering all its benefits.
What are those benefits? Decades of research on the "testing effect" have documented that calling up a fact or a concept from memory actually helps us remember it better the next time. Foreign language learners who tested themselves on vocabulary words remembered 80 percent of the words they studied, according to one experiment, while learners who used other study methods remembered only about a third of them. Likewise, students learning from a science textbook who were queried about what they read retained about 50 percent more of the information than students who studied in other ways.
No-stakes testing—in which scores aren’t counted or even calculated—is now being successfully implemented in real-life school settings. Through a collaboration with researcher Henry Roediger and his colleagues at Washington University in St. Louis, teachers at nearby Columbia Middle School have incorporated what psychologists call "retrieval practice" into seventh- and eighth-grade science and social studies courses. At the end of each class, students are given a quiz on what they just learned. The quiz is not graded; it’s intended solely to promote retention. This simple exercise has dramatically improved students’ recall of the material.
Although we often conceive of memory as something like a storage tank, and a test as a kind of dipstick that measures how much information is inside, that’s not actually how the brain works. Every time we pull up a memory, we make it stronger and more lasting—so that testing doesn’t just measure what students know, it changes what they know. Reading over material to be learned, taking notes, even engaging in teacher-favored techniques like concept-mapping: none of these practices are as effective as testing at improving retention.
Opponents of high-stakes testing want to replace the current regime with—in the words of the national resolution—"a system based on multiple forms of assessment which does not require extensive standardized testing, more accurately reflects the broad range of student learning, and is used to support students and improve schools." In this vision, students would be judged, say, on a portfolio of the work they produced over the course of the semester. That seems a little pie-in-the-sky, but more power to them. More importantly, we should also be implementing exams that serve a different purpose: tests that have no stakes at all, other than helping students learn.
From The Times, June 6, 2012 [br] According to the passage, which statement is TRUE?
选项
A、Tests are quite effective in improving understanding and recall with their assessment function.
B、No-stakes testing can warp the learning process and cause students enormous anxiety.
C、We should use no-stakes testing as an evaluation tool instead of a learning tool.
D、No-stakes testing is needed to improve understanding and recall.
答案
D
解析
本题为细节题。A项错误,第二段的第四句Entirely apart from their assessment function,tests are an enormously effective way to improve understanding and recall.可以看出是除去测验的评估效果,A项恰好与原文意思相反;B项错误,根据第二段的第一句和第二句,可以得出:High-stakes testing can warp the learning process and cause students enormous anxiety.并不是“No-stakes testing”;C项错误,根据第二段的倒数第一句By using the test as a learning tool instead of an evaluation instrument,we could help students avoid the perils of testing while garnering all its benefits.可以得出We should use no-stakes testing as a learning tool instead of an evaluation tool.
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3274327.html
相关试题推荐
MargaretSpellings,thesecretaryofeducation,announcedapilotreformtoth
MargaretSpellings,thesecretaryofeducation,announcedapilotreformtoth
MargaretSpellings,thesecretaryofeducation,announcedapilotreformtoth
Teachersandotherspecialistsinearlychildhoodeducationrecognizethatchi
Teachersandotherspecialistsinearlychildhoodeducationrecognizethatchi
Teachersandotherspecialistsinearlychildhoodeducationrecognizethatchi
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
随机试题
ControllingYourConcentrationI.Theconcernedinforma
In1971,agroupofdoctorsgottogetherinFranceandcreatedanorganizat
Thanksgivingisanautumnharvestfestivallikethosefoundinmanycultures
Ifyouwantthispainkiller,you’llhavetoaskthedoctorfora______.A、recei
AmericanGovernment’sHealthyGuidancetotheHighSchoolChargeCollectSy
合同清偿是指当事人按照合同的约定正确地履行了其合同义务,并使当事人订约目的得以实
基础心理学是研究()。 (A)正常成人心理现象的心理学基础学科 (B
(2021年真题)陈某、郑某与甲有限责任公司拟共同设立一家普通合伙企业。根据合伙
电子精密仪器等生产设备及产品较轻的厂房多为()。A.单层厂房 B.多层厂
知识点:卵巢的肿瘤 对放射治疗最敏感的卵巢恶性肿瘤是 A.未成熟畸胎瘤 B
最新回复
(
0
)