首页
登录
职称英语
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
游客
2023-12-04
103
管理
问题
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform better on tasks dictated by the brain’s executive control system. Located at the front of the brain, this system is "the basis for your ability to think in complex ways, control attention, and do everything we think of as uniquely human thought," said Ellen Bialystok, a psychologist at York University in Toronto, Canada.
Now studies are revealing that advantages of bilingualism persist into old age, even as the brain’s sharpness naturally declines, Bialystok said Friday at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D. C. Bialystok and colleagues examined 102 longtime bilingual and 109 monolingual Alzheimer’s patients who had the same level of mental acuity. About 24 million people have dementia(痴呆)worldwide, with the majority of them suffering from Alzheimer’s, according to Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet medical university.
The bilingual patients had been diagnosed with the Alzheimer’s about four years later than the monolingual patients, on average, according to Bialystok’s most recent study, published in November in the journal Neurology. This suggests bilingualism is "protecting older adults, even as Alzheimer’s is beginning to affect cognitive function," Bialystok said.
Bialystok is also studying physical differences between bilingual and monolingual brains. In a new experiment, she used CT scans to examine brains of monolinguals and bilinguals with dementia. All the subjects were the same age and functioned at the same cognitive level.
"The physical effects of the disease in the brain were found to be more advanced in the bilinguals’ brains, even though their mental ability was roughly the same," Bialystok told National Geographic News. Apparently, the bilinguals’ brains are somehow compensating, she said. "Even though the ’machine’ is more broken, they can function at the same level as a monolingual with less disease," she said.
"Benefits of bilingualism can begin in uterus(子宫)," Janet Werker, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia, Canada, told the news briefing. For instance, Werker and colleagues’ recent studies show that babies exposed to two languages in uterus do not confuse their languages from birth.
" The mental workout required to keep the languages separate may create an ’ enhanced perceptual vigilance(警觉)’ that has lifelong benefits," Werker said. "What I’d like to suggest is the kind of advantages you’ve heard about in aging can be established from those first days of life, in babies having to keep the two languages apart. "
Granted, people born into bilingualism have it a bit easier. "One of the things babies have is the luxury of time—they get the opportunity to really focus on task at hand," Werker said. " If we want to learn a second language, we need to set time aside to allow that to happen"—and evidence suggests the payoff is worth it.
Even if you don’t learn a second language until after middle age, it can still help stave off dementia, York’s Bialystok said. Being "bilingual is one way to keep your brain active—it’s part of the cognitive-reserve approach to brain fitness," Bialystok said. And when it comes to exercising the brain by learning another language, she added, "the more the better—and every little bit helps. " [br] What is the best title for the passage?
选项
A、Benefits of Bilingualism.
B、Theory of Bilingualism.
C、Bilingualism and Monolingualism.
D、Bilingualism in Babies and the Old.
答案
A
解析
主旨题。纵观全文,本文主要说明了掌握双语带来的好处。第一段是其对小孩和成年人的积极影响;第二、三段说明其可以降低老人患痴呆症的几率;第四、五段说明会双语的人大脑的某些功能更强大;第六至八段说明其对胎儿的影响会持续到老年;第九段是其对中年人的好处。由此可知,这篇文章的最佳标题就是双语的好处,故[A]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3242605.html
相关试题推荐
Manythoughtfulparentswanttoshieldtheirchildrenfromfeelingsofguilt
Manythoughtfulparentswanttoshieldtheirchildrenfromfeelingsofguilt
WhenGov.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerannouncedthefinalcutstoanalreadypain-
WhenGov.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerannouncedthefinalcutstoanalreadypain-
Thebizarreanticsofsleepwalkershavepuzzledpolice,perplexedscientists
Thebizarreanticsofsleepwalkershavepuzzledpolice,perplexedscientists
Thebizarreanticsofsleepwalkershavepuzzledpolice,perplexedscientists
Thebizarreanticsofsleepwalkershavepuzzledpolice,perplexedscientists
Dogenesdeterminehowwellchildrenwilldoatschool?Ifso,areteachers
Dogenesdeterminehowwellchildrenwilldoatschool?Ifso,areteachers
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Oneofthemostcommonquestionsweaskaboutpeople’sbehavio
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.Moving
垄断价格的特征和制约因素是什么?为什么说垄断价格的形成不违背价值规律?
妊娠期间在多吃富含铁食物的同时,为利于铁的吸收,还应多摄入A.维生素E B.维
下列科目中,属于资产负债表中的流动资产的有( )。A.货币资金 B.应收账款
为保证基金财产安全,基金管理人会聘请基金资产保管机构对基金资产承担保管责任,基金
副作用的产生是由于A、药物作用的选择性低 B、药物的安全范围小 C、病人的特
下列不属于企业激励经营者的方式的是()。A.奖金激励 B.声誉激励 C.股票
1928年,中华民国第一次教育会议上,以1922年新学制为基础略加修改,提出《整
某位于山前冲(洪)积区的项目,地下水环境影响评价工作等级为一级。现已收集近3年内
最新回复
(
0
)