首页
登录
职称英语
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense,
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense,
游客
2023-11-20
55
管理
问题
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of human relationships, their causes and their effects. Unlike psychology, sociology does not attempt to explain the behavior of a particular individual under certain circumstances. Rather, sociology focuses on social trends or other influences that affect whole groups or categories of people. Thus, while a psychologist might counsel an individual who feels worthless after retiring from a long and successful career, a sociologist would be more likely to examine societal attitudes that may contribute to the loss of self-esteem experienced by many retired persons in our society.
The emphasis that sociology places on human groups rather than individuals stems directly from the work of Emile Durkheim, a pioneering sociologist of the nineteenth century. Durkheim likened the nature of a social group to bronze, a unique metal that is formed when the metals tin, copper, and lead are melted and mixed together. Durkheim noted that bronze is much harder than any of its component metals. In the same way, he reasoned, the characteristics of a social group viewed as a whole cannot be determined simply by examining the characteristics of its individual members. Nor can individuals be understood strictly in terms of the individuals themselves; when people come together as members of a particular group, the group exerts considerable pressure on the individual to conform to what it considers acceptable ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
Besides developing a theoretical foundation for the study of social groups, Durkheim also conducted research de- signed to corroborate his theoretical work. Using landmark research methods, Durkheim collected and analyzed data from a number of countries that kept records on suicides. He wanted to show that social environment may have a profound effect even on those behaviors we consider most personal. The results of his study showed that suicide rates do indeed vary according to specific social characteristics. For example, Durkheim found that members of religions with strong prohibitions against suicide are less likely to commit suicide than are members of religious groups with weaker prohibitions. He also found a lower incidence of suicide among married persons than among persons who were single or divorced. Taken together, the findings of Durkheim’ s study provided convincing evidence that social groups do indeed exert pressures that control or regulate the behavior of individuals, including deeply personal behaviors.
Durkheim’s rigorous research methods captured the attention of sociologists around the world, and were perhaps even more important to the future development of sociology than any specific research results could be. Within a short time, his specific approach to formulating and testing social theory became a model that guided the work of nearly all sociologists. This assured Emile Durkheim a lasting place as one of the key figures in the history of sociology. [br] Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the selection?
选项
A、Both the social group theory and the scientific research methods developed by Durkheim have contributed much to the field of sociology.
B、Durkheim believed that individual members of a group strongly influence the group’ s ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
C、The research study conducted by Durkheim provided strong evidence that suicide rates vary among members of different social groups.
D、Through his research, Durkheim made great strides in distinguishing sociology from psychology.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3202330.html
相关试题推荐
1 Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresiden
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresiden
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresiden
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresiden
Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined,asl
______Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.A、AsmuchasB、SomuchC、H
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresid
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresid
StressStresscanbedefinedasan
StressStresscanbedefinedasan
随机试题
在侧面采光情况下,下列()房间的采光系数为1%。A.办公室 B.会议室
点估计可以给出估计的可靠程度。( )。
卵巢性闭经患者内分泌激素测定应表现为A.FSH、LH升高 B.E升高 C.P
患者,女,40岁,水肿多年,腰以下为甚,按之不易复起,脘腹胀闷,纳减便溏,面色萎
以下是2000年全国资金流量表的部分资料,请根据这些资料对反映该年宏观经济运行的
人在每一瞬间,将心理活动选择了某些对象而忽略了另一些对象。这一特点指的是注意的(
患者,女,42岁,缺失3个月,要求固定修复一般情况下,倾斜牙作基牙,其倾斜度的最
健康促进中起主导作用的是A.公众 B.卫生行政部门 C.主要行政领导 D.
与自然换流变频器相比,晶闸管式强迫换流型变频器的特点,下列描述哪些是正确的?(
患者18岁,务农,于8月5日以发冷发热起病,2天,入院,伴有头痛,肌肉酸痛,乏力
最新回复
(
0
)