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Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committ
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committ
游客
2023-11-10
46
管理
问题
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 【C1】______ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 【C2】______ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 【C3】______ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 【C4】______ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 【C5】______ as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 【C6】______ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 【C7】______ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 【C8】______ to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly 【C9】______ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 【C10】______ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 【C11】______ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 【C12】______ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also 【C13】______ changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents 【C14】______ , children are likely to have less supervision at home 【C15】______ was common in the traditional family 【C16】______ .This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 【C17】______ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 【C18】______ of drags and alcohol, and the growing 【C19】______ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 【C20】______ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. [br] 【C19】
选项
A、incidence
B、awareness
C、exposure
D、popularity
答案
A
解析
A项incidence表示rate of occurrence(发生率),与下文child abuse and child neglect(虐待儿童、忽视儿童的现象)意思连贯。
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