2. 职称英语
  3. The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government,

The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government,

游客2023-11-08  51
问题     The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts. Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series of trial courts (called district courts) serving relatively small geographic regions (there is at least one for every state), a tier of circuit courts of appeal that hear appeals from many district courts in a particular geographic region, and the Supreme Court of the United States. The two court systems are to some extent overlapping, in that certain kinds of disputes (such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the Constitution) may be initiated in either system. They are also to some extent hierarchical, for the federal system stands above the state system in that litigants (persons engaged in lawsuits) who lose their cases in the state supreme court may appeal their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.
    Thus, the typical court case begins in a trial court? a court of general jurisdiction? in the state or federal system. Most cases go no further than the state or federal system. Most cases go no further than the trial court: for example, the criminal defendant is convicted (by a trial or a guilty plea) and sentenced by the court and the case ends; the personal injury suit results in a judgement by a trial court (or an out-of-court settlement by the parties while the court suit is pending) and the parties leave the court system. But sometimes the losing party at the trial court cares enough about the cause that the matter does not end there. In these cases, the "loser" at the trial court may appeal to the next higher court. [br] In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the phrase "engaged in" could best be rephrased by which of the following?
选项 A、Committed to.
B、Involved in.
C、Attentive to.
D、Engrossed in.
答案 B
解析 词汇题。所检测的内容是第一段第五句括号中的persons engaged in lawsuits。四个选项的意义分别是：承担义务(committed to)、卷入(involved in)、倾听或对……殷勤(attentive to)、全神贯注于(engrossed in)。答案应是B。
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