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  3. Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats

Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats

游客2023-09-11  30
问题     Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial (陆生的) organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain forest habitats.
    Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet’s dominant, most distinctive feature—the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy one third of the Earth’s surface. Given that two thirds of the Earth’s surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
    The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world’s rain forests does not seem surprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes (门和纲) are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably in the sea.  Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there.
    To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life on the order of 100 to 100, 000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae (幼虫) of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more. [br] The author compares rain forests to coral reefs because ______.
选项 A、they are approximately the same size
B、they share many similar features
C、most of their inhabitants require water
D、both have many different forms of life
答案 D
解析 推理题。根据第二段第一句中，作者指出就生物种多样性而言，珊瑚礁和热带雨林可堪相比。
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