首页
登录
职称英语
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to dis
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to dis
游客
2023-09-01
55
管理
问题
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses’ pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.
These reforms have been widely adopted by America’s larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their, lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.
Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss’s friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.
All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performances. To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But these researchers uncovered a startling finding: executives "attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that determine a company’s overall success".
In Short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage, which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having. [br] The author’s attitude toward the efforts to control senior executives would be ______.
选项
A、doubtful
B、optimistic
C、positive
D、approving
答案
A
解析
文章第二段第二句用转折的语气表达了他对改革效果的怀疑态度。由文章第二段末句“后果与预期的目的不同”可推知A项正确。B项optimistic“乐观”、C项positive“肯定”和D项 approving“赞同”均与作者的态度相悖。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2975752.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
Goodjobsarescarcethesedays,withroughly15millionAmericansoutofwo
Goodjobsarescarcethesedays,withroughly15millionAmericansoutofwo
[originaltext]DuringtheearlyAmericancolonialyears,cornwasmoreplent
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
随机试题
CrossCulturalNegotiationsIt’simportanttounderstandtheculturaldifference
Withrespecttoprogramvariables,()m
B企业为禽类加工企业,厂房占地15000m2,有员工415人,有一车间、二车间、
一外壳类型为第二种类型(外壳内气压与周围大气压力相同)的设备,lP防护第一位特征
《3—6岁儿童学习与发展指南》中的“容易被自然界中的鸟鸣、风声、雨声等好听的声音
与米酒、酸奶和腐乳制作相关的叙述,正确的是()。A.制作前要对原料进行灭菌处
Mostbabiescantakeinawiderangeof
社会工作者莉莉在社区走访中发现,社区内有许多外来务工人员家庭,丈夫在外工作,妻子
简述现代企业人力资源管理各个历史发展阶段的特点。
按照延误事件之间的关联性划分,工程延误包括()。A.直接延误 B.间接延误
最新回复
(
0
)