2. 职称英语
  3. The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those th

The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those th

游客2023-08-21  57
问题     The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today’s prosperous societies, the distinction has become blurred because so many wants have been turned into needs. A writer, for instance, can work with paper and pencils. These are legitimate needs for the task. But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor. Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.
    In the field of marketing, consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased. The two main categories are convenience goods and shopping goods. Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought goods. It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products, not on the nature of the products themselves. What is regarded as a convenience item in France(wine, for example)should be a specialty goods in the United States.
    People do not spend a great deal of time shopping for such convenience items as groceries, newspapers, toothpaste, razor blades, aspirin, and candy. The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely, as some families buy groceries once a week. Such regularly purchased items are called staples. Sometimes convenience products are bought on impulse: someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae on a hot day. Or they may be purchased as emergency items.
    Shopping goods are items for which customers search. They compare prices, quality, and styles, and may visit a number of stores before making a decision. Buying an automobile is often done this way.
    Shopping goods fall into two classes; those that are perceived as basically the same and those that are regarded as different. Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances, television sets, and automobiles. Having decided on the model desired, the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price. Items regarded as inherently different include clothing, furniture, and dishes. Quality, style and fashion will either take precedence over price, or they will not matter at all.
    Specialty goods have characteristics that impel customers to make special efforts to find them. Price may be no consideration at all. Specialty goods can include almost any kind of product. Normally, specialty goods have a brand name or other distinguishing characteristics.
    Unsought goods are items a consumer does not necessarily want or need or may not even know about. Promotion or advertising brings such goods to consumer’s attention. The product could be something new on the market as the Sony Walkman once was or it may be a fairly standard service, such as life insurance, for which most people will usually not bother shopping. [br] The example of wine is used to illustrate that______.
选项 A、goods are categorized differently in different countries
B、the types of the product lie on the people rather than its nature
C、Frenchmen often drink it but Americans sometimes do
D、a product may belong to many types
答案 B
解析 由题干关键词wine定位至第二段第四句。该句提到，这里必须强调的是所有种类的商品是基于顾客对商品的看法，而非商品本身的特点。接下来，就以wine为例加以说明，因此B)“产品类型取决于人，而不是产品的本质”为最佳答案。
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