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  3. The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

游客2023-08-08  28
问题    The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died【C1】______from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
   Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will【C2】______the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
   Traffic has become【C3】______with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply【C4】______to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is【C5】______, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne【C6】______as they wear out.
   Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are【C7】______for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its【C8】______and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this【C9】______, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can【C10】______double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
   A) alternate F) merged K) prematurely
   B) crown G) miniatures L) simply
   C) determine H) opting M) switching
   D) generated I) particles N) synonymous
   E) locating J) peak O) trend [br] 【C4】
选项
答案 M
解析 [语法判断]空格所在句的谓语是will not mean，宾语是pollution-free cities，由此推断空格处需要填入动名词形式，与to electric cars一起作句子主语。[语义判断]空格前一句提到，交通已成为空气污染的同义词，许多国家打算在未来20年内禁止销售新的汽油和柴油汽车。空格所在句句首的But表示转折，说明仅仅使用电动汽车并不意味着无污染城市。因此，空格处需要填入一个表示“使用，转变”的动词，且能与介词to搭配。备选项中只有M)switching“转变，转换”符合要求，故为答案。
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