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  3. The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

游客2023-08-08  31
问题    The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died【C1】______from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
   Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will【C2】______the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
   Traffic has become【C3】______with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply【C4】______to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is【C5】______, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne【C6】______as they wear out.
   Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are【C7】______for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its【C8】______and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this【C9】______, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can【C10】______double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
   A) alternate F) merged K) prematurely
   B) crown G) miniatures L) simply
   C) determine H) opting M) switching
   D) generated I) particles N) synonymous
   E) locating J) peak O) trend [br] 【C1】
选项
答案 K
解析 [语法判断]空格所在句子成分完整，前面是不及物动词died，后面为介词短语from outdoor air poilution作状语，因此空格处需要填入副词。[语义判断]逗号前面的分句提到，全球超过80％的城市人口正在呼吸的空气不符合世界卫生组织的标准。空格所在分句进一步指出，2015年，估计有450万人因室外空气污染而死亡。因此，空格处需要填入一个可以修饰死亡的副词。备选的副词中，simply“仅仅，只是”与此处意思不符，故排除。由此确定副词K)prematurely为本题答案。
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