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Born from the accessibility of mass air travel, modern international tourism

游客2023-08-04  63
问题     Born from the accessibility of mass air travel, modern international tourism has been popularized as "holiday-making" in regions that offer comparative advantages of sand, sun and sea. Travel is often portrayed as a tool for personal growth and tourism as an economic motor for destination countries and cities. There is a tendency to assume that tourism is good for everyone involved.
    Today the big bang of tourism drives over 1.2 billion tourists across international borders annually. Many popular places are literally being loved to death. Recent protests in ports of call like Venice and Barcelona against disturbances created by cruise ships show the unfortunate consequences of emphasizing quantity over quality in tourism.
    Uncontrolled tourism development has become a primary driver of social and environmental disruption. Tourism studies provide much documentation of the many negative social impacts of tourism and resulting resentment that local populations direct toward visitors.
    Antagonism toward tourists typically develops in mature, heavily visited destinations. Protests in heavily visited destinations suggest that traditional tourism has overstayed its welcome.
    Residents often become frustrated when the benefits of tourism are not felt locally. Although it can generate foreign exchange, income and employment, there’s no guarantee that multinational hotel chains will allocate these benefits equitably among local communities.
    On the contrary, when people stay at large resorts or on cruise ships, they make most of their purchases there, leaving local communities little opportunity to benefit from tourist spending. These forms of tourism widen economic and political gaps between haves and have-nots at local destinations.
    In recent decades, local residents in destination communities also have found themselves negotiating new cultural boundaries, class dynamics, service industry roles and lifestyle transformations. For example, data show that tourism activity corresponds to increased social problems as local residents adopt the behaviors of tourists.
    What does all this mean for the everyday traveler?
    First, all tourists should make every effort to honor their hosts and respect local conditions. This means being prepared to adapt to local customs and norms, rather than expecting local conditions to adapt to travelers.
    Second, tourism is a market-based activity and works best when consumers reward better performers. In the information age, there’s little excuse for travelers being uninformed about where their vacation money goes and who it enriches.
    Informed travelers also are better able to distinguish between multinational companies and local entrepreneurs whose businesses provide direct social, environmental, and economic benefits for local residents. Such businesses are in love with the destination and are therefore deserving of market reward. In the long run, being a responsible traveler means ensuring net positive impacts for local people and environments. With the information available at our fingertips, there has never been more opportunity to do so. [br] What can tourists do to exert more positive impacts on the tourist destinations?
选项 A、Show interest in local customs and lifestyles.
B、Seek possibilities to invest in local companies.
C、Use the services provided by local businesses.
D、Give favorable comments about their services.
答案 C
解析 根据题干中的信息词tourists和exert more positive impacts，答案线索可以定位于文章最后三段。文章倒数第四段以问句的形式提出旅行者应该采取什么措施来减少社会问题，接着文章最后三段分别从两个方面阐述了旅行者应该如何做：第一，尊重当地居民、生活条件及风俗；第二，使用当地企业提供的服务，因为这些企业为当地居民提供直接的社会、环境和经济利益。选项C是对第二点的总结，故为正确答案。文章倒数第三段提到旅行者应该做到的第一点，并指出这意味着要准备好适应当地的风俗和规范，而不是仅表现出兴趣，故排除选项A。选项B、D在文章中没有提及，故均排除。
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