首页
登录
职称英语
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before h
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before h
游客
2023-07-29
61
管理
问题
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning." This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with, or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.
The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning." This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.
Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with other people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? If a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person with positive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger. [br] In the third paragraph, the author is ______.
选项
A、discussing how we grow and have new experiences every day
B、talking about learning to modify emotions through operant conditioning
C、concentrating on learning by reading, watching television, interacting with people, and so on
D、using examples to further illustrate learning through classical conditioning
答案
D
解析
综合理解题。第三段讲的是通过日常学习及生活经历而产生the association of emotions(positive and negative feelings),这与第一段所述内容相对应,故属于“classical conditioning”的实例。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2878904.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]W:Justafewremindersarenecessarybeforeyouclimbin.First,
[originaltext]W:Justafewremindersarenecessarybeforeyouclimbin.First,
Pleasedon’tmentionthemurderbeforeourchildren________(以免吓着他们).incaseth
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?In1893theworld’sfirst
Formostpeople,lifeiseasierandmore【B1】______thaneverbefore.Conven
随机试题
Allsocialunitsdevelopaculture.Evenintwo-personrelationshipsacultu
(1)AdoptedatbirthbyafamilyofJehovah’sWitnesses,Iwasaskedfroman
(1)DetroitseemstobewhereWallStreetmeetsMainStreet.Tightcreditis
NeverbelieveTom,whowassucha______character.A、suspiciousB、graciousC、cons
()交流活动()语法重点[br]()语音练习()角色扮演I、F
ItisamiraclethatNewYorkworksatall.Thewholethingisunbelievable.
[originaltext]M:Whereareyoulivingnow,Mary?W:WearelivingonMainStree
下列描述符合咀嚼黏膜的特征的是A.表层无角化 B.结缔组织乳头短 C.粒层不
A.夜间咳甚 B.咳声不扬 C.咳声低微 D.咳声重浊 E.天亮咳甚肾水
按照出让合同约定进行投资开发,属于房屋建设工程的,必须完成开发投资总额的()以上
最新回复
(
0
)