首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a di
[originaltext] Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a di
游客
2023-07-08
58
管理
问题
Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a diseased organ with a healthy one from a donor. The problem at first was that the human body is not particularly receptive to foreign tissue. When tissue from a donor is placed inside the body, the immune army sees it as a foreign invader and goes into battle mode. White blood cells attack and destroy the unknown tissue in a process known as rejection.
Eventually, scientists realized that the problem of rejection didn’t occur when the organ donor and recipient were identical twins. The genetic similarity appeared to prevent the immune response. Massachusetts surgeon Joseph E. Murray used this concept to his advantage in 1954, when he accomplished the first successful kidney transplant between identical twins.
Dr. Murray’s surgery was a major breakthrough, but it wasn’t a solution. After all, very few people have an identical twin they can rely on for organ donation. In the late 1960s, doctors figured out a way to perform transplants between non-relatives by suppressing the recipient’s immune response with drugs. But the trouble was that the drugs were highly poisonous. Between the risks of infection and the poisonous drugs, most transplant patients didn’t live long after their operation.
By the 1980s, anti-rejection drugs had improved to the point where transplantation surgery became pretty routine and far less risky. Survival rates rose. Once surgeons became experienced in transplanting essential organs such as heart, kidneys, liver and lungs, they turned their focus to "nonessential" parts of the body.
23. What was the problem of organ transplant at the beginning?
24. In what condition would rejection not occur?
25. What did surgeons do after they got familiar with the transplant of essential organs?
选项
A、The donor and recipient are identical twins.
B、The transplanted organ is from the recipient’s relatives.
C、The donor’s blood type is the same as the recipient’s.
D、The recipient is not infected during the operation.
答案
A
解析
短文提到科学家最后发现如果捐献器官者和接受器官的人是同卵双胞胎,就不会发生排斥现象,故A正确。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2819059.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Jetlag,causedbytravelingbetweentimezones,isbecoming
[originaltext]Jetlag,causedbytravelingbetweentimezones,isbecoming
[originaltext]M:Canyoutellmesomethingabouttheuniversityshuttlebussys
[originaltext]M:Canyoutellmesomethingabouttheuniversityshuttlebussys
[originaltext]M:Ireallydon’tknowwhattodothissummer.Ican’taffordto
[originaltext]M:Ireallydon’tknowwhattodothissummer.Ican’taffordto
[originaltext]W:Yourjacketissobeautiful.Didyourwifemakeitforyou?M
[originaltext]W:Yourjacketissobeautiful.Didyourwifemakeitforyou?M
[originaltext]W:Yourjacketissobeautiful.Didyourwifemakeitforyou?M
[originaltext]DeepSpringsisanAmericancollege.Itisanunusualcollege
随机试题
Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?[br][originaltext]W:Excuseme,couldyoutel
Thespeed______is340meterspersecond.A、atwhichsoundtravelsB、withwhich
Howoldis"old"?Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.Twohundredyearsa
Weallknowthatemotionsoriginateinthebrain.Butweusuallytalkabout
公路汽车客运站的汽车进出站口应符合有关规定,下列哪条有误?()A.一、二级站
下列先天性心脏病,肺血减少的是A.房间隔缺损 B.室间隔缺损 C.动脉导管未
Ante主张决定基牙数量应A.以力比值 B.以缺牙数量 C.以牙周膜面积
男性,45岁。平时喜欢饮热开水及热粥,近5个月有进食困难。并逐渐加重。钡餐检查:
雇主责任保险、产品责任保险均属于( )。A.基本责任保险 B.独立责任保险
西南地区某高硫油气田项目组成包括40口油井、2座转油站、1座注水站、1座联合站以
最新回复
(
0
)