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[originaltext] Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good
[originaltext] Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good
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2023-07-07
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问题
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbour ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate of dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American scientist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. Why did the kings of France and England in the 16th century close bath houses?
17. What’s Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?
18. What is the purpose of the speaker’s talk?
选项
A、To stress the role of dirt.
B、To introduce the history of dirt.
C、To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D、To present the change of views on dirt.
答案
D
解析
选项均为不定式结构,且与dirt有关的role,history,danger和views表明,本题可能考查短文主旨。短文中首先提到nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt(人们对污垢没有一个确定的说法),然后又提到Attitudes to dirt still differ(人们对污垢仍然持有不同的看法),由此看出短文只是陈述人们对污垢的不同看法,故答案为D)。
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