首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
游客
2023-07-02
66
管理
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can【C1】______performance at work and school. Cognitive(认知学派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on【C2】______and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters,【C3】______among educators. But the careful use of small【C4】______rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激)indeed【C5】______inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively【C6】______task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to【C7】______creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for【C8】______achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and【C9】______failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows【C10】______in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid E)hope
F)especially G)aid H)ordinary I)approval J)monetary
K)generally L)improve M)challenging N)restore O)excellent [br] 【C3】
选项
答案
F
解析
此处应填副词。可选项有generally和especially,但从文章后面所举的例子来理解,此处是为了突出强调教育家支持认知派研究专家的看法,因此只有especially“尤其,特别”符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2800597.html
相关试题推荐
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
随机试题
Afterthecameramanhadtakenthreeorfourphotographsofthesoldierants,he
A--MartialartsB--DivingC--Fencing
ADoseofRealityMajorRealityCheck
下列除()外,均是有线电视上网的必备设备。A.电缆ModeM B.分离器 C
导游讲解中,多用于表达庄严、稳重、平静、冷漠等感情状态的语调是()。A.升调
共用题干 13MillionAmericansSufferfromS
关于消防车道的说法,下列不正确的是()。A.消防车道可利用符合规定的城乡、厂区
对于季节性经营特征比较明显的借款人,银行贷款的还款来源主要是季节性()所释放的
仪表试验的电源电压应稳定,交流电源及60V以上的直流电源电压波动不应超过( )
女性,35岁,停经42天,阴道不规则少量淋漓出血10余天。诊断性刮宫,病理报
最新回复
(
0
)