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  3. Tracking Down HIV 　　In the summer of

Tracking Down HIV 　　In the summer of

考试题库2022-08-02  155
问题 Tracking Down HIV　　In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.　　By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.　　In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.　　In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.　　词汇：　　spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘　　lymph n. 淋巴结　　sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤　　exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭　　immunologist n. 免疫学家　　malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病　　count n. 计数，计算　　infection n. 传染病，感染　　breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃　　toll n. 代价，死亡人数　　intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物　　abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况　　blood transfusion n. 输血　　symptom n. 症状　　virologist n. 病毒学家　　virus n. 病毒　　panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板　　hemophiliac n. 血友病患者　　vaccine n. 疫苗　　注释：　　1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用　　2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因　　3.can be eradicated可以被根除的　　练习：2.A T-cell is a ____.　　A　patient’s blood　　B　deadly strain of tuberculosis　　C　white blood cell imptant in providingimmunity to disease　　D　red blood cell
选项
答案 C
解析 2.C　在第一段最后，讲述了一种特别的白细胞即T细胞，并对它进行了定义，它是免疫应用中期关键作用的细胞，因此答案是选项。
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