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  3. 共用题干 Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk o

共用题干 Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk o

练习题库2022-08-02  46
问题 共用题干Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.______does NOT have the least effect on risk distributions.A: AgeB: GenderC: RaceD: Blood group
选项 ______does NOT have the least effect on risk distributions.
A: Age
B: Gender
C: Race
D: Blood group
答案 C
解析 文章首段提到就提到美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于 10%，故A项正确；由第五段最后一句话“By contrast , race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.”可知种族对患病风险的分布影响很小，故D项正确；由第五段“The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.”可知实验对象年龄越大，在高风险组中所占的比例也越大，男人进入该组的可能性也大于女性，故B项正确，C项错误。
由第四段“Overall , 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent , 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.”可知，美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10% ,15％的成年人未来患心脏病的风险介于10％～20% ,3％的成年人患心脏病的风险在20％以上。故选A。
题干问的是下列哪个选项对患病风险的分布影响最小。由文中第五段可知，心脏病的患病风险的分布与年龄和性别有很大的关系，种族对患病风险事物分布影响很小，D项“血型”在文中没有提及，故排除。故选C。
由文中原句“15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent”可知，15％的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险介于10%～20%，故选C。注意文中的几个百分数不要弄混淆了
两位科学家讲到，尽管大多数成年人10年内患心脏病的风险较低，但在有风险者中，很大一部分所面临的风险却是很高或者刻不容缓的，故只有采取积极的治疗措施和公共卫生政策（Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed）才能降低所有人群患病的风险概率。
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