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共用题干 Cigars Instead?Smoking one or two

admin2022-08-02  99
问题 共用题干Cigars Instead?
Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip,tongue,mouth,and throat,according to a government study.
Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus,and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voice box)sixfold,say researchers at the National Cancer Institu- te in Bethesda,Maryland.
In addition,the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.
The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article"Cigars:Health
Effects and Trends".The researchers report that,compared with a cigarette,a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines.
"This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country,"said Dr. Richard Klausner, director of the National Cancer Institute,in a statement.
"The data are clear-the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke,like cigarettes,are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases,"he added."In other words,cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive."
"To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice is-don't. To those currently smoking cigars,quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer,heart and lung disease risks,"warned Klausner.
According to a National Cancer Institute press release,there haven't been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events,but“... a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke."According to the report,smoking three or four cigars a day______.A: increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokersB: greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokersC: increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers.D: greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers
选项 According to the report,smoking three or four cigars a day______.
A: increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers
B: greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers
C: increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers.
D: greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers
答案 D
解析 第三段中“smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8. 5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of non-smokers.”谈论了吸烟者患癌症的可能性（与不吸烟者相比分别增加到8. 5倍和4倍）。


第一段中提到lip , tongue , mouth , throat四种，第二段中提到lung, esophagus, larynx 三种，共七种，第三段中的oral是对lip , tongue , mouth等的统称，不应再算做一种。


倒数第三段中的一句话概括了文章的中心，即“...cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive."


倒数第二段中医生的建议是“To those currently smoking cigars , quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer..."，即完全放弃。


二手吸烟，即我们所说的被动吸烟，最后一段中的“nonsmokers at cigar social events" 提示了这一情景。
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