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共用题干 Learn About Light1 Ancient civiliz

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问题 共用题干Learn About Light

1 Ancient civilizations were amazed by the existence of light for thousands of years?The Greek philoso-
phrrs believed that light was made up of countless,tiny particles that enter the human eye and create what
we call vision.However,Empedocles and a Dutch scientist named Christian Huygens believed that light wag
like a wave.According to them,light spread out and travelled like a straight line.This theory was accepted
during the 19th century.
2 In 1905,Albert Einstein published a research paper in which he explained what is referred to as the
photoelectric effect.This theory explains that particles make up light.The particles Einstein was referring to
are weightless bundles（束）of electromagnetic（电磁）energy called photons（光子）.Today,scientists agree
that light has a dual（二重）nature一it is part particle and part wave. It is a form of energy that allows us to
see things around us.
3 Things that give off light are known as sources of light.During the day,the primary source of light is
the sun.Other sources of light include stars,flames,flashllights,street lamps and glowing gases in glass
tube.
4 When we draw the way light travels we always use straight lines.This is because normally light rays
travel in a straight line.However,there are some instances that can change the path and even the nature of
light. They are reflection,absorption,interference（干扰）,etc.
5 Physicists have attempted to measure the speed of light since the early times.In 1849,Hippolyte
Fizeau conducted an experiment by directing a beam of light to a mirror located kilometers away and placed
a rotating cogwheel（旋转齿轮）between the beam and the mirror. From the rate of rotation of the wheel,
number of wheel'S teeth and distance of the mirror,he was able to calculate that the speed of light is 313
million meters per second.In a vacuum（真空）,however,the speed of light is 299,792,458 meters per
second.This is about a million times faster than the speed of an airplane.Hippolyte Fizeau conducted an experiment to measure_________.A:sources of lightB:the speed of light C:the path of lightD:a straight lineE:a beam of lightF:a form of energy
选项 Hippolyte Fizeau conducted an experiment to measure_________.
A:sources of light
B:the speed of light
C:the path of light
D:a straight line
E:a beam of light
F:a form of energy
答案 B
解析 第二段前半部分介绍了爱因斯坦的光电效应理论，后半部分则介绍了现代科学家对于 光的看法：他们认为光具有二重性。
第三段主要讲述了光源的定义和常见的光源，故选B。
第四段主要讲述了光的传播方式以及影响光的传播方式和性质的因素，故选D。
第五段以Flippolvte Fizeau为例，介绍了物理学家是如何测定光速的，故选C。
文章第一段中只提到光像一条直线一样传播，而并非说光是一条直线。另外，由第二段 最后一句话“it is a form of energy that allows us to see things around us.”可知，光是一种能让我 们看到周围事物的能量，故选F。
山第三段的最后一句话“Other sources of light include stars, flames, flashlights, street lamps and glowing gases in glass tube.”可知，应选A。
由第四段最后两句话可知，一些因素会影响光的传播路径，这些因素包括光的反射、光 的吸收和光的干扰，故选C。
由第五段的实例可知,Hippolyte Fizcau是用一束光测出了光的速度，故选B。第4部分；阅读理解第一篇 本篇文章主要讲述了石墨烯对于将未电子学发展的重要性以及人们可用一种简单的方式发 现石、墨烯。
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