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共用题干 Thirst for OilWorldwide every day,

练习题库2022-08-02  43
问题 共用题干Thirst for Oil
Worldwide every day,we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil.
Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet's surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year,we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle,this will change,and we will need to cure our addiction to oil.
Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution,when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one quarter of our energy needs,but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil.
Coal is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel,but could make a comeback,as supplies are still plentiful:its reserves are five times larger than oil's.
Today petroleum,a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to pro- duce petrol,diesel oil and various other chemical substances,provides around 40% of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.The US consumes a quarter of all oil,and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.
The majority of oil comes from the Middle East,which has half of known reserves.But other significant sources include Russia,North America,Norway,Venezuela and the North Sea.
Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could be a major new US source,to reduce reliance on foreign imports.
Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years,though opinions and estimates vary.We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades,when demand exceeds supply.As conventional reserves become more difficult to access,others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead.Petrol could also be obtained from coal.
Since we started using fossil fuels,we have released 400 billion tonnes of carbon,and burn- ing the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13℃．Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and the melting of all Arctic ice.Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?A: The United States.B: Russia.C: Norway.D: Venezuela.
选项 Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?
A: The United States.
B: Russia.
C: Norway.
D: Venezuela.
答案 A
解析 答案在第一段最后一句中。这里的supplies指oil supplies。


短文第二段告诉我们，木材曾经是主要燃料来源，然后被煤所替代；自人们开始采油后，对煤的需求下降了，但因为煤的储量远大于石油，它可能又会成为主要燃料，尽管它对环境最具破坏力。所以A、B、D均是作者的意思，而C不是。next to oil除石油以外。


文章的第三段说，美国消耗全世界1/4的石油。


答案在第五段第二句中。该段第一句说，地球上的燃料储量将在50年内耗尽，所以A不是正确选项；第三句的意思是，常规燃料的获取将变得困难，而不是不可获得，所以C也不是正确选项;D明显不是作者的意思。


选项B、C、D都是最后一段中所表达的意思，所以A是正确选项。
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