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  3. Text 2 An article in Scientific America

Text 2 An article in Scientific America

考试题库2022-08-02  61
问题 Text 2 An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that,actually,you think you’re more beautiful than you are.We have a deepseated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of selfenhancing strategies to research into what they call the“above average effect”,or“illusory superiority”,and shown that,for example,70%of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership,93%in driving and 85%at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into selfaffirming situations.We become defensive when criticized,and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem,we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into selfenhancement and attractiveness.Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others,he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves’from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive.Visual recognition,reads the study,is“an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image—which must did—they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses.Nor was there any evidence that,those who selfenhance the must（that is,the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real）were doing so to make up for profound insecurities.In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher selfesteem.“I don't think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”,says Epley.“It's a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’.If you are depressed,you won't be selfenhancing.Knowing the results of Epley's study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves viscerally—on one level,they don't even recognize the person in the picture as themselves.Facebook therefore,is a selfenhancer's paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos,the cream of their wit,style,beauty,intellect and lifestyles.“It's not that people's profiles are dishonest”,says Catalina Toma of Wiscon—Madison university,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.Visual recognition is believed to be people's_____A.rapid watchingB.conscious choiceC.intuitive responseD.automatic selfdefence
选项 A.rapid watching
B.conscious choice
C.intuitive response
D.automatic selfdefence
答案 C
解析 细节题【命题思路】这是一道细节题。文章对题干中考查的概念给出了明确的定义，考生只需在定位后即可得出答案。【直击答案】根据题干关键词visual recognition定位到第三段第三句话。这句话明确指出visual recognition…is…an process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation，C项中的“intuitive”是原文“occurring rapidly and intuitively”的同义替换，“response”是“an automatic psychological process”的同义替换，都强调本能的反应，故C项为正确答案。【干扰排除】第三段第三句话中提到了occurring rapidly（迅速发生），但同时也指出视觉识别是一个自发的心理过程，但A项中的“watching”是一个生理现象，与原文不符，故排除。同理，D项中的“selfdefence”，自我防御，也与原文不符。这句话同时也指出视觉识别在发生的时候“with little or no conscious deliberation”，与B项“conscious choice”正好相反，故排除。
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英语二研究生

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