Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what cond

练习题库2022-08-02 36

问题 Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what conditions insurance companies should be required to cover,other areas of health-care reform remain painfully neglected.One major example:How much should insurance companies pay for what they cover?Consumers rarely care about health-care prices beyond what they personally pay for deductibles,co-payments and prescription drugs.But insurance payments are crucial to understanding why health-care prices have gotten so out of control in the United States.A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine makes this abundantly clear:Hospital emergency departments across the country are prone to excessively overcharge patients with private insurance,the study found,demanding that patients pay-on average-more than four times what Medicare pays for typical emergency procedures.This is not the heritage of sound medicine.This is the outcome of an extremely complicated and disjointed health-care system-and it's not necessarily the result of greedy hospitals trying to milk large profits out of vulnerable populations.Instead,it's the result of messy provider networks-rife with discounts and confusing contracts,designed by insurance companies and providers to attract customers.There are policy solutions to correct this system.Maryland,for example,has long operated under an"all-payer system"in which everyone pays the same rate for the same treatment-set by an independent state agency.Under this system,Medicare pays higher rates for care than in other states,but in the long run,it saves money-to the tune of$319 million-because the payment system incentivizes hospitals to reduce the number of people they admit.In other words,it encourages payment for quality of care,not quantity.Health-care providers have an incentive to work more closely with nursing facilities to deliver preventive care.Physicians also work more closely with patients to reduce preventable complications and hospital readmissions,which have dropped in Maryland faster than the national average in recent years.This innovative approach to solving price disparities in health-care costs is refreshing,although what works in Maryland might not work everywhere else.But other states have also passed laws to reduce price variation in health care,particularly for uninsured and low-income patients who would be most harmed by surprise medical bills.Unfortunately,reform efforts led by Republicans in Congress will likely worry the health-care industry enough to threaten state-led initiatives.Uncertainty-especially in terms of what our insurance markets will look like a year from now-makes it difficult,if not impossible,for states to experiment with different policies.That's a shame,because that's where the exciting and innovative reforms are happening.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Uncertainty in the Health-Care IndustryB."All-Payer System"in MarylandC.The Health-Care Reform IgnoredD.Medicare vs.Private Insurance

选项 A.Uncertainty in the Health-Care Industry
B."All-Payer System"in Maryland
C.The Health-Care Reform Ignored
D.Medicare vs.Private Insurance

答案 C

解析 [信息锁定]文章首两段首先借列举立法议员们所忽略的医保改革领域实例引出全文话题“保险给付推高医疗费用，医疗费用因保险不同而价差很大”，第三段顺而补充这个被忽略领域问题产生的体制原因“医疗保健系统复杂而又混乱、医疗服务人员体系杂乱无章”，末三段介绍该问题应对措施“马里兰州统一支付方模式、其他州也纷纷立法减少医疗赞用价差”并做出点评”令人激动且极具创新性，却可能因当前共和党人医保改革取向而前路没漫、困难重重”。由此可见，全文都围绕着当前立法议员们所忽略的某一个医保改革领域（即．保险给付推高医疗费用，医疗拙用因保险不同而差异较大）展开，故C.正确。[解题技巧]A.源自第六段②句“不稳定性使得当前各州对于医疗费用差异问题的改革措施更加难以推行”，而该句意在说明“医疗费用差异问题的解决难度”而非“医疗保健行业的不稳定性”；B.利用第四五段中马里兰州的例子干扰，但这只是举例说明修正文中所探讨的问题的一种政策办法，无力概括全文；D.利用第二段提到的私人保险和联邦医疗保险的付费对比干扰，但此处的对比是为了说明“保险给付与医疗费用有关”．意在引出文章话题，并非全文重心。

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Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what cond

英语二研究生

研究生入学