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  3. The journal Science is adding an extra r

The journal Science is adding an extra r

题库2022-08-02  54
问题 The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.　“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.　Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, Mc Nutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”　Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role”. He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science”.　John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue”. “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.　Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. . Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. . Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. . Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ DesksD. . Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
选项 A. . Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers
B. . Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
C. . Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks
D. . Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
答案 A
解析 全文主旨题。全文主要介绍了《科学》期刊加强论文的审查流程，并引用了多位科学家的观点，讨论了当前科学论文中数据分析存在的问题及其影响。A项很好地概括了全文的主要内容，适合作为文章的标题。本文并未探讨统计学家应当获得的尊重，B项排除。本文并没有说数据分析成为论文编辑的工作，而是说论文审查主要借助数据分析，因此C项错误。本文提到的是《科学》第一次借助统计学家审查论文，既然是第一次就没有“回归”一说。故D项也要排除。
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