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  3. The development,hundreds of years ago,of

The development,hundreds of years ago,of

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问题 The development,hundreds of years ago,of ship and cargo insurance was revolutionary.It marked the start of commercial insurance;protection against loss from fire and the perils of the high seas fostered global trade.But in the 21st century the value of companies consists less of solid objects,such as boats and buildings,than of intangible elements,such as intellectual property,data and reputation."Today the most valuable assets are more likely to be stored in the cloud than in a warehouse,"says Inga Beale,chief executive of Lloyd's of London.As the importance of intangibles has grown,so has companies'need to protect themselves against"intangible risks"of two types:damage to intangible assets（eg,reputational harm caused by a tweet or computer hack）;or posed by them（say,physical damage or theft resulting from a cyberattack）.Companies are not oblivious.Respondents to a survey last year by Aon,an insurance broker,ranked reputation as their top risk and cyber-risk as their fifth.But there is a big difference between how risk managers perceive such risks and how boards do.And if firms do seek insurance against some of these risks,insurers have not exactly been giving them too many novel products.Even when policies are labelled"innovative"it's usually to insure physical assets in the sharing economy rather than intangibles.But in a world where Airbnb,in effect the world's largest hotel chain,owns no hotels and Uber,its largest taxi firm,owns no cabs,such policies are of limited use.Those that do protect assets such as data,IP and reputation are often expensive and custom-made,and include strict exclusions and lrmits.Insurers'caution is understandable.Intangible risks are not only new and comple）c"They're a bit like not-yet-set jelly,"says Julia Graham of Airmic."Their shape constantly changes."Underwriters like to look at past data on events'frequency as well as clients'current exposure-which may be next to impossible when assessing the risk and impact of a cyberattack,or a scandal,which would have been very differently priced even a couple of years ago.But some underwriters are starting to come up with more suitable policies.One is parametric cover,which pays a fixed amount automatically after a defined event,such as a hack.The advantage of such policies is that they can provide cash quickly,meeting an immediate need after misfortune strikes.The downside is that these products tend to cover only a share of damages.Companies also have to do more to protect themselves.Just as insurance was only part of the answer to fire and maritime risk,it is only part of the answer to modern perils.Plenty of cyber-breaches could doubtless have been avoided if software had simply been kept up to date.Insurers need to catch up with the intangible age;but so do their clients.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.The Business of Insuring Intangible Risks Is Still in Its InfancyB.Product Innovation Extends the Reach of Commercial InsurancesC.Insurance:A Cure-all for Intangible DamagesD.Intangible Assets:Major Risks,Major Rewards
选项 A.The Business of Insuring Intangible Risks Is Still in Its Infancy
B.Product Innovation Extends the Reach of Commercial Insurances
C.Insurance:A Cure-all for Intangible Damages
D.Intangible Assets:Major Risks,Major Rewards
答案 A
解析 文章前两段说明当今现象“随着企业无形资产比重增加，对该资产投保需求也在增加”。第三、四段指出问题“无形资产保险跟不上时代发展”并分析原因。第五、六段借“参数化保险的优缺点”说明“无形保险正起步发展”，并明确观点“企业和保险公司都应跟上时代步伐”。可见A.为全篇着眼点。[解题技巧]B.利用文中词汇revolutionary、novel products、innovative等形成干扰，但作者并非肯定”商业保险的产品创新、业务范围扩大”，而是与此相反、意在揭示问题“面对无形风险新问题，商业保险创新不够”。C.违背作者观点“保险不是全部答案，企业自身也应努力防范风险”。D.“无形资产风险较大、回报较大”为文中暗示信息，但文章主要关注的并非“无形资产的性质”、而是“对无形资产的保障”。
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