首页
登录
职称英语
All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in
All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in
游客
2025-04-19
27
管理
问题
All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in western industrialized societies, we keep track of time in what seems to other peoples almost an obsessive fashion. We view time as motion on a space, a kind of linear progression measured by the clock and the calendar. This perception contributes to our sense of history and the keeping of records, which are typical aspects of western cultures.
Although our perceptions of time seem natural, to us, we must not assume that other cultures operate on the same time system. For instance, why should we assume that a Hopi raised in the Hopi culture would have the same intuitions about time that we have? In Hopi history, if records had been written, we would find a different set of cultural and environmental influences working together. The Hopi people are a peaceful agricultural society isolated by geographic features and nomad enemies in a land of little rainfall. Their agriculture is successful only by the greatest perseverance. Extensive preparations are needed to ensure crop growth. Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity. They have a sense of the cumulative value of numerous, small, repeated movements, for to them such movements are not wasted but are stored up to make changes in later events. The Hopi have no intuition of time as motion, as a smooth flowing line on which everything in the universe proceeds at an equal rate away from a past, through a present, into a foreseeable future.
Long and careful study of the Hopi language has revealed that it contains no words, grammatical forms, constructions, or expressions that refer to what we call time-the past, present, or future—or to the duration or lasting aspect of time. To the Hopi, "time" is a "getting later" of everything that has been done, so that past and present merge together. The Hopi do not speak, as we do in English, of a "new day" or "another day" coming every, twenty-four hours; among the Hopi, the return of the day is like the return of a person, a little older but with all the characteris-tics of yesterday. This Hopi conception, with its emphasis on the repetitive aspect of time rather than its onward flow, may be clearly seen in their ritual dances for rain and good crops, in which the basic step is a short, quick stamping of the foot repeated thousands of times, hour after hour.
Of course, the American conception of time is significantly different from that of the Hopi. Americans’understanding of time is typical of Western cultures in general and industrialized societies in particular. Americans view time as a commodity, as a "thing" that can be saved, spent, or wasted. We budget our time as we budget our money. We even say, "Time is money." We are concerned in America with being "on time"; we don’t like to "waste" time by waiting for someone who is late or by repeating information; and we like to "spend" time wisely by keeping busy. These statements all sound natural to a North American. In fact, we think, how could it be otherwise? It is difficult for us not to be irritated by the apparent carelessness about time in other cultures. For example, individuals in other countries frequently turn up an hour or more late for an appointment-although "being late" is at least within our cultural framework. For instance, how can we begin to enter the cultural world of the Sioux, in which there is no word for "late" or "waiting." Of course, the fact is that we have not had to enter the Sioux culture; the Sioux have had to enter ours. It is only when we participate in other cultures on their terms that we can begin to see the cultural patterning of time. [br] From the passage, the Hopi have no intuition of time as motion because______.
选项
A、their way of living depends greatly on perseverance and repetition
B、they think it necessary to invent their own perception of time
C、their language does not contain words referring to motion
D、they think everything should proceed in a linear way
答案
A
解析
题目问:为什么说霍皮人没有时间直觉?Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity.通过这句话可知,霍皮人的时间观念是重复、累加的。据此判断,应选择A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4044875.html
相关试题推荐
Manycriticsofthecurrentwelfaresystemarguethatexistingwelfareregul
Manycriticsofthecurrentwelfaresystemarguethatexistingwelfareregul
Itseemedtome,andstilldoes,thatthesystemofAmericanbusinessoftenp
Itseemedtome,andstilldoes,thatthesystemofAmericanbusinessoftenp
Itseemedtome,andstilldoes,thatthesystemofAmericanbusinessoftenp
Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemof
Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemof
Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemof
Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemof
Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemof
随机试题
The18thcenturyinEnglishliteratureisanageof______.A、novelB、poemC、pros
孔子说:“工欲善其事,必先利其器。”其哲学含义是()(1)实践是认识发展的动力
一般工程质量缺陷是指对结构构件的受力性能或安装使用性能无决定性影响的缺陷。
可变信息情报板属于监控系统中信息采集子系统的一部分。()
试回答LED主动发光道路交通标志性能检验项目的问题。(3)发光道路交通标志出厂检
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性: A.如
——WhoseadvicedoyouthinkIshouldtak
某银行客户经理在为客户办理业务的过程中,违反了“监管规避”原则的行为是( )。
现浇钢筋混凝土预应力箱梁模板支架刚度验算时,在冬期施工的荷载组合包括()。
下列哪种疾病不需应用抗菌药物?A.毛囊炎 B.丹毒 C.开放性骨折 D.结
最新回复
(
0
)