首页
登录
职称英语
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing ne
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing ne
游客
2025-04-12
37
管理
问题
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America’s 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation’s history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite(精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success.
In the infighting dates to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the "commander in chief." Not since Washington wore his uniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell(镇压)the Whiskey Rebellion has a sitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it.
In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred(顺从)to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued his General War Order No. 1—explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right.
His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the president’s political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited. The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington. [br] According to the author, the system of power sharing between the White House and the generals _____.
选项
A、is unstable and strange
B、is a guarantee for American military success
C、has caused a series of quarrels
D、undermines the bases Of American military power
答案
B
解析
文章开头就指出,美国军界及其文职上司的矛盾由来已久,但是这个貌似脆弱的分享权力的体系,却是二百多年来美国军事胜利的保障。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4034757.html
相关试题推荐
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionally
随机试题
DarkChocolateDarkchocolateisknowntohelppreventheartdisease,butea
InBritain,theoldRoadTrafficActrestrictedspeedsto2m.p.h.(milesp
根管治疗的三步骤为:()A.根管扩大、根管冲洗、根管充填 B.根管预备
液态标线涂料有溶剂型标线涂料、水性标线涂料、双组分标线涂料。()
关于图中示意的自然现象,下列说法错误的是()。 A.山峰两侧可能呈现完全不同
面试热点:“停课不停学”,线上放新招 【热点背景】 近期,广东省教育
小红为了获得老师和家长的表扬,学习非常刻苦,她的学习动机表现为()。 A.
下列选项中,不属于变动成本的是()。A.直接材料 B.按销售量支付的推销员佣金
新生儿寒冷损伤综合征的主要临床表现是A.呕吐和腹泻 B.皮肤凉硬、体温不升
最新回复
(
0
)