首页
登录
职称英语
The truly incompetent may never know the depths of their own incompetence, a
The truly incompetent may never know the depths of their own incompetence, a
游客
2025-04-07
6
管理
问题
The truly incompetent may never know the depths of their own incompetence, a pair of social psychologists said on Thursday. "We found again and again that people who perform poorly relative to their peers tended to think that they did rather well," Justin Kruger, co-author of a study on the subject, said in a telephone interview.
Kruger and co-author David Dunning found that when it came to a variety of skills — logical reasoning, grammar, even sense of humor — people who essentially were inept never realized it, while those who had some ability were self-critical.
"It had little to do with innate modesty," Kruger said, "but rather with a central paradox: Incompetents lack the basic skills to evaluate their performance realistically. Once they get those skills, they know where they stand, even if that is at the bottom."
"Americans and Western Europeans especially had an unrealistically sunny assessment of their own capabilities," Dunning said by telephone in a separate interview, "while Japanese and Koreans tended to give a reasonable assessment of their performance. In certain areas, such as athletic performance, which can be easily quantified, there is less self-delusion, the researchers said. But even in some cases in which the failure should seem obvious, the perpetrator is blithely unaware of the problem."
This was especially true in the areas of logical reasoning, where research subjects — students at Cornell University, where the two researchers were based—often rated themselves highly even when they flubbed all questions in a reasoning test.
Later, when the students were instructed in logical reasoning, they scored better on a test but rate themselves lower, having learned what constituted competence in this area.
Grammar was another area in which objective knowledge was helpful in determining competence, but the more subjective area of humor posed different challenges, the researchers said.
Participants were asked to rate how funny certain jokes were, and compare their responses with what an expert panel of comedians thought. On average, participants overestimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points.
This might be thought of as the "above-average effect", the notion that most Americans would rate themselves as above average, a statistical impossibility.
The researchers also conducted pilot studies of doctors and gun enthusiasts. The doctors overestimated how well they had performed on a test of medical diagnoses and the gun fanciers thought they knew more than they actually did about gun safety.
So who should be trusted: The person who admits incompetence or the one who shows confidence? Neither, according to Dunning.
"You can’t take them at their word. You’ve got to take a look at their performance," Dunning added. [br] Which of the following statement is NOT true, according to the passage?
选项
A、Students at Cornell University often rated themselves highly even when they flubbed all questions in a reasoning test.
B、Grammar was an area in which objective knowledge was helpful in determining competence.
C、Participants in the test estimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points.
D、Students scored better on a logical reasoning test but rated themselves lower.
答案
C
解析
本题中,A、B、D三项在文中都曾提及,并与原文相符。C项与文章第8段的最后一句话participants overestimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points内容相悖,因此C项是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4030167.html
相关试题推荐
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
Thetrulyincompetentmayneverknowthedepthsoftheirownincompetence,a
随机试题
Please______fromsmokinguntiltheairplaneisairborne.A、resistB、preventC、r
Onhiswaytoschool,theboyfoundawallet(lie)______ontheground.lying
[originaltext]AccordingtoCharlesHarper,ChairmanofConAgra,theHealthyCho
据美国汽车业的一项调查,一个满意的顾客会引发8笔潜在的生意,其中至少有一笔成交;
以下测试方法中,不属于典型安全性测试的是()A.安全功能验证 B.漏洞扫描
醋酸泼尼松属于A.非甾类抗炎药B.合成雌激素代用品C.孕激素类药物D.雄激素类药
(2018年真题)下列关于一手商用房贷款开发商阶段性保证担保的说法中,错误的是(
QDII基金挂钩类理财产品挂钩的ETF基金与开放式基金没有什么本质的区别,但本身
银行业金融机构市场准入监管的内容主要包括()。A:分支机构准入B:从业人员准入
患者,男,64岁。下颌双侧后牙全缺失,余留下前牙正常,缺牙区牙槽嵴丰满,拟混合支
最新回复
(
0
)