2. 职称英语
  3. Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when

Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when

游客2025-02-25  8
问题     Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our "openness" is to be the measure of our stability. Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the "Old World" categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the cupidity of retention versus the cupidity of seizure, a "status quo" defended or attacked. The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only "station" was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property but opportunity— which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility. The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be. The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of instability and change in which to scramble for the things they have not. But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders(front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change. The non- starters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compen-satorily staggered "starting lines. "
    " Reform" in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, "a piece of the action," as it were, for the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race. Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability. There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee(Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). There has been no boasting about our social work- ers—they are merely signs of the system’s failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated. We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them. There is no honor but in the Wonderlan-drace we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end(for there is no end). [br] The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项 A、criticize the inflexibility of American economic mythology.
B、contrast "Old World" and "New World" economic ideologies.
C、challenge the integrity of traditional political leaders.
D、champion those Americans whom the author deems to be neglected.
E、suggest a substitute for the traditional metaphor of a race.
答案 A
解析 主题题型：A．正确。从第二段作者流露出的语气(empty boasts，L66)和他对竞技场比喻的描述可以看出他对Wilson的观点持负态度。“inflexibility”不灵活，僵化。排斥自由市场经济(如我国某些死脑筋)可称inflexible，一味强调市场，排斥国家干预、调节，也是一种inflexible。B．文中做过此对比，但不是重要内容。C、D、E无。
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