首页
登录
职称英语
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition t
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition t
游客
2025-02-20
15
管理
问题
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated the rise of modern nation-states and that provided the social and cultural foundations of the state. This perspective has certainly been applied to Korea; most historians have assumed that the Korean nation has existed since the dawn of historical time. In recent years, however, Western scholars have questioned the idea of the nation as an enduring entity. Both Gellner and Anderson have argued, in their studies of European, Latin American, and Southeast Asian cases, that the nation is strictly a modern phenomenon, a forging of a common sense of identity among previously disparate social groups through the propagandizing efforts of activities of the modern state. In short, it was the state that created the nation, not the other way around.
Younger Koreanists, with Em prominent among them, have begun to apply this approach to Korea. These scholars, noting the isolated nature of village life in premodern Korea and the sharp difference in regional dialects, suggest that ordinary villagers could not possibly have thought of themselves as fellow countrymen of villagers in other regions. These scholars also note that elites, conversely, often had outward-looking, universalistic orientations, as did aristocracies elsewhere, such as in premodern Europe. Finally, they observe that the very word for “nation” in Korean, minjok, is a neologism first employed by Japanese scholars as translation of the Western concept and that it was first appropriated by Korean activists in the early twentieth century. They argue, therefore, that a Korean “nation” came into being only after that time.
In short, in the case of Korea we have an argument between “primordialists”, who contend that nations are natural and universal units of history, and “modernists”, who assert that nations are historically contingent products of modernity. The positions of both groups seem problematic. It seems unlikely that in the seventh century the peoples of the warring states of Koguryo, Peakche, and Shilla all thought of themselves as members of a larger “Korean” collectivity. On the other hand, the inhabitants of the Korean peninsula had a much longer history —well over one thousand years—as a unified political collectivity than did the peoples studied by Gellner and Anderson. Not only does the remarkable endurance of the Korean state imply some sort of social and cultural basis for that unity, but the nature of the premodern Korean state as a centralized bureaucratic polity also suggests the possibility that the organizational activities of the state may have created a homogenous collectivity with a sense of shared identity much earlier than happened in the countries of western Europe that provide the model for “modernist” scholarship. [br] The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项
A、evaluate two competing views regarding the origin of the Korean nation
B、rebut a controversial perspective on the origin of the Korean nation
C、question the idea of the Korean nation as an enduring entity
D、consider the influence of the modernist position on younger Koreanists
E、explain some of the unique features of the Korean nation
答案
A
解析
two competing views分别指代“先有国家”和“先有民族”,本文就是把这两个观点分别进行了论证,又分别指出了反例,所以evaluate这个词是没问题的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3965059.html
相关试题推荐
Formostofthetwentiethcentury,scholarsgenerallyacceptedthepropositiont
Eventhoughtheytendedtobe(i)____strangers,fifteenth-centuryEuropeansdid
Contrarytotheantiquatedideathattheeighteenthcenturywasa______island
Althoughineighteenth-centuryEnglandanactiveculturallifeaccompaniedtheb
Thepopularityofpseudoscienceandquackmedicinesinthenineteenthcenturysu
Likemanyeighteenth-centuryscholarswholivedbycultivatingthoseinpower,W
Theidealizedpaintingsofnatureproducedintheeighteenthcenturyareevidenc
Professionalphotographersgenerallyregardinadvertentsurrealisminaphotogra
Formorethanacentury,geologistshavefeltcomfortablewiththeideathatgeo
Intheearlytwentiethcentury,thediscoveryofradium(i)____thepopularimag
随机试题
[originaltext][19]Withinthenextfewweeksatwin-enginedJetstreamwillt
【B1】[br]【B16】A、anyB、allC、onlyD、fewB语义衔接题。句意见81题。根据句意,即使你尽最大努力进行所有的必要改进,所以填
防火墙上不应开设门窗洞口,当必须开设时,应设置固定的或火灾时能自动关闭的防火甲级
建筑工程概、预算一般是以()为单位编制的A.单项工程 B.单位工程 C.分项
患者男,临床诊断为细菌性脑膜炎,细菌培养时发现在已知的金黄色葡萄糖球菌周围出现卫
在市场竞争日益激烈的情况下,铁路、民航纷纷推行代理制,增加销售网点,这其中的重要
一般来说,处在启动阶段与处于衰退期的行业面临的风险都比较高,但银行仍可进行长期贷
期货投机交易和套期保值交易均以获取价差收益为目的。()
直埋电缆的接头与相邻电缆的净距不应小于()。A.0.1m;B.0.25m
患者女,44岁。发热10天,稽留热,最高体温39.8℃,伴纳差、腹胀。2天前胸部
最新回复
(
0
)