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  3. A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and

游客2025-01-14  9
问题     A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases.
    A minority, though, are skeptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.
    We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.
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答案     世界上大多数气候学家都已确信——而且还使得很多外行人，包括一些有权力的政界人士相信——地球的气候正在变化，这种变化从人类的观点来看是在恶化，而气候变化的起因则是人类的活动，其表现形式是温室气体过量排放。
    不过，也有少数人对此持怀疑态度。有的认为，新近的数据表明地球平均气温正在上升，但这些数据可以由太阳辐射的自然变化来解释，而且气温上升的趋势可能行将结束。还有人论证，现在还没有确凿的证据能说明现代的气温高于往昔。
    我们认为，全球变暖是一个严重的威胁，世界各国都需要采取措施来竭力避免其发生。这是政治家的职责。但是我们并不相信气候变化是确定无疑的。在科学领域没有确定无疑的事情。盛行的理论必须不断进行验证，还要收集更多的证据，再对理论进行验证。这是科学家的工作。
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