首页
登录
职称英语
Experts estimate that somewhere between【B1】______and【B2】______of everything w
Experts estimate that somewhere between【B1】______and【B2】______of everything w
游客
2025-01-11
16
管理
问题
Experts estimate that somewhere between【B1】______and【B2】______of everything we communicate is nonverbal. Ways of nonverbal communication include【B3】______language(our posture and gestures), our 【B4】______ expressions, all the things that say something to the other person, not through【B5】______, but simply by how we present ourselves, how we move, our【B6】______contact, our tone of voice, and【C7】______.
Nonverbal communication is【B8】______enough to study and understand in one’s own 【B9】______, but it becomes extremely【B10】______when we are trying to understand how nonverbal communication functions in another culture. There’s no【B11】______of nonverbal communication. A certain toss of a head, a certain【B12】______of the eye, or the physical 【B13】______between people: it’s very easy to【B14】______these cues or to miss them altogether. The【B15】______are probably responsible for most【B16】______confusion. Something as simple as that can cause great confusion.
To give a cross-cultural example from Japan, speaking the word "no" directly would be considered【B17】______. So whether one 【B18】______said "Well, maybe" meaning "Maybe yes!", or meaning "maybe not", had to do with, perhaps, whether he looked【B19】______, or uncomfortable when he said that. That’s probably the most important lesson of nonverbal【B20】______I have learned. [br] 【B16】
In this part of the test, you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once. While listening to the talk , you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task. Then write your answer in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet. You will not get your Test Book until after you have listened to the talk.
OK. Today we’re going to begin our discussion of nonverbal communication. Now, experts in the field of communication estimate that somewhere between sixty and ninety percent of everything we communicate is nonverbal. Can that possibly be true? After all, we put so much emphasis on our words when we’re trying to communicate something. There’s enormous emphasis in all our interactions on words. What about this sixty to ninety percent that is supposedly nonverbal? What does that mean exactly?
OK. let me ask you to think about some of the ways in which you communicate nonverbally, just the broad areas. Maybe we should begin by mentioning an obvious one and that’s what we call body language, that is, what we are saying by our posture, the way in which we hold ourselves: our gestures, that is, use of our hands: our facial expressions, all the things that say something to the other person, not through words, but simply by how we present ourselves, how we move. Let’s see, our eye contact, for example, is one that we may not think of right away, but, it’s extremely important, and our tone of voice. And how about the meaning of touch? Touch communication, that is, who has permission to touch whom and under what circumstances.
A very important point that I’d like to make is that nonverbal communication is difficult enough to study and understand in one’s own culture, but it becomes extremely complicated when we are trying to understand how nonverbal communication functions in another culture, that is, one we’re unfamiliar with. I mean, after all, if we’re learning about another culture and learning the language of that culture, another language, what do we learn but words, the meaning of words and how they fit together and the pronunciation of words. So that, when we learn French, we can take our dictionary and look up "fromage," or when we learn German, we can find out what "Kase" is. But there’s no dictionary of nonverbal communication. So, where do we find out what a certain toss of a head means? Or a certain blink of the eye? Or, the physical distance between people? And it’s very easy to misinterpret these cues or to miss them altogether. If you’re puzzled by what’s happening to you in a foreign culture, it’s probably the nonverbals that are causing the communication problem.
So, the nonverbals are probably responsible for most cross-cultural confusion. Let me give you one or two examples of how this can happen. A simple one is with eye contact. Americans tend to think that looking directly into another person’s eye is appropriate, and that if you look away or look down, you may be avoiding responsibility, or showing disrespect. And, and this is considered to be negative. We learn to "look me straight in the eye!" Look me straight in the eye. Now in some other cultures, it’s a sign of disrespect to look at another person straight in the eye. In Japan, for example, there’s much less direct eye contact than in the United States. So, something as simple as that can cause great confusion.
Ah, to give another cross-cultural example from Japan, I can tell you that when I first began working in Japan, I was awfully confused because I was paying attention to what was said to me rather than to the nonverbal cues. There were times when I would ask him things like, for instance, "Can we allow students in the dormitory to stay out later at night?" And often the response I would get verbally was: "Maybe we could do that. " I always interpreted this as a green light, because "maybe" for me verbally means "Maybe! Yes! Probably! Let’s find a way!" After all, he hadn’t said no.
But actually my Japanese colleague didn’t want to embarrass me by speaking the word "no" directly, which would be considered impolite in his culture, he was telling me "no" by saying "maybe" and giving me other cues with his body language, such as his posture and his tone. Whether he said "Well, maybe!" meaning "Maybe yes!", or "maybe" meaning "maybe not. ", had to do with, perhaps, whether he looked embarrassed, or uncomfortable when he said that. That’s probably the most important lesson of nonverbal communication I have learned.
选项
答案
cross-cultural
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3908332.html
相关试题推荐
NeartheborderbetweenFloridaandGeorgia,livesararetreecalledastink
NeartheborderbetweenFloridaandGeorgia,livesararetreecalledastink
NeartheborderbetweenFloridaandGeorgia,livesararetreecalledastink
Itispopulartolamentthegrowinggapbetweencapitalistsandworkers.Ino
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingw
随机试题
I______adviseyounottodothatagaininthefuture.A、dareB、wouldC、shouldD
梅(plumblossom)、兰(orchid)、竹、菊(chrysanthemum),素有“四君子”之称。作为人格品性的文化象征,梅、兰、竹、菊意义
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwith
Ibelievethat____________________(全面来看,要构想出一个能摆脱贫困的计划绝非易事).allthingsconsider
客户关系管理的核心是()。A:以利益为中心 B:以成本为中心 C:以客户为
关于细菌内毒素,正确的是A.细菌菌体裂解后释放 B.能制成类毒素 C.糖蛋白
患者,女,30岁,妊娠35周,受到撞击后腹部剧烈疼痛1小时。查体:体温36℃,脉
基金的投资收益分配原则是()。A:按基金投资者的投资资金比例进行分配B:基金管
案例三: 一般资料:求助者,女性,17岁,高中二年级学生。 案例介绍:求助者
甲公司欲申请延期缴纳企业所得税,下列关于申请延期缴纳税款的说法中,符合规定的有(
最新回复
(
0
)