首页
登录
职称英语
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the
游客
2024-11-22
26
管理
问题
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unemployment, especially among the young, have dual-education systems: Austria and Germany. Like Switzerland, they have a tradition of combining apprenticeships with formal schooling for the young "so that education is always tied to demand," she says. When youths graduate, they often have jobs to walk into.
With youth unemployment in Germany and Austria below 8% against 56% in Spain and 38% in Italy, Mrs. Von Der Leyen has won Europe’s attention. Germany recently signed memoranda with Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain to help set up vocational-education systems. Mrs. Von Der Leyen discussed the topic in visits to Madrid in May and to Paris this week. There is even talk of a "new deal" for Europe, including bringing youths from crisis-hit countries to work in Germany and making more loans.
Germany is best known in euro-zone countries for its macroeconomic prescriptions of austerity and structural reform. So it helps politically that it should now be seen assisting people in those countries into jobs. But does its dual-education system deserve so much credit, and should other countries adopt it?
Although based on older traditions, it formally dates from 1969. Youths not interested in, or qualified for, university sign up for a programme in which they work three or four days a week for a firm that pays them and teaches relevant skills. The rest of the time they spend in school, completing mostly specialised courses. Chambers of commerce and industry associations make sure that the work and the teaching are matched. After three years or so, trainees are certified and, if they make a good impression, may stay as full-time workers.
About two in three young Germans go through this system and into about 350 careers. Some end up in blue-collar jobs, others in sales and marketing, shipping and agriculture, or pharmacology(药物学)and accounting. The practical nature of the education is an advantage, as is the mutual screening between potential employers and employees during training.
Yet the system existed in the 1990s, when Germany was the " sick man of Europe" and had high unemployment. German success today surely owes more to its labour-market and welfare reforms of a decade ago and to unions’ wage restraint. In an ageing and shrinking population, demography also helps, as fewer German graduates choose among more open jobs.
Ludger Wossmann, an economist at the Ifo Institute in Munich, suggests that vocational education can have bad side effects. In his research, countries that combined school and work-based education(Germany, Austria, Denmark and Switzerland)did much better at getting young people into jobs. But early training can turn into a disadvantage by the age of 50. It appears that skills learnt in vocational training "become obsolete at a faster rate. " Low youth unemployment today may thus come at the cost of higher old-age unemployment tomorrow.
Admittedly, that trade-off may seem abstract in such hard-hit countries as Greece, Portugal and Spain. "If the alternative to vocational education is no education and no job, " says Mr. Wossmann, " a dual system should be tried. " That said, traditions of cooperation among state, unions, employers and schools took generations to evolve in Germanic countries. A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix. [br] Which of the following is TRUE about the dual-education system in Germany?
选项
A、Students serve as apprentices in firms before formal schooling.
B、Students taking dual-education can get two certificates.
C、Students qualified for university can sign up the programme.
D、Students are examined by employers during the training.
答案
D
解析
细节题。由题干中的dual—education system in Germany定位至第三段最后一句。结合该句可知下面会有详细阐述。由第五段最后一句The practical nature of the education is an advantage,as is themutual screening between potential employers and employees during training.可知,接受双轨制职业教育的学生受到雇主的审查,故[D]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3856870.html
相关试题推荐
UrsulaVonDerLeyen,Germany’slabourminister,likestopointoutthatthe
WhyisthereaGermany?PartoftheanswergoesbacktoabattlefoughtinA
WhyisthereaGermany?PartoftheanswergoesbacktoabattlefoughtinA
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
FranceintheTwentiethCenturyI.FranceinWorldWarI1914:Germanydecla
随机试题
(1)SocialmobilityintheU.K.couldbereversedunlessthegovernmentandu
WhowontheWorldCup1998footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNation
Videorecordersandphotocopiers,eventicketmachinesontherailways,ofte
[originaltext]M:SowhatdoesacharteredsurveyordoinEssex?Canyoutellus
2016年12月14日财政部发布了《管理会计实践索引(一)》
确诊阴道炎病原体的最好方法是A.悬滴法 B.PCR法 C.革兰氏染色法 D
瘟病后期阴虚邪伏者,治疗应首用的方剂是A.清骨散 B.清营汤 C.当归六黄汤
某流程图如下图所示,执行该算法,下列说法中错误的是()。 A.s的值最终为
初中生小强学习成绩一直不好,老师和家长都十分头痛,他变得自暴自弃,学校社会工作者
关于团体对个体从众行为影响的说法,错误的是()。A.团体凝聚力越大,个体越容
最新回复
(
0
)