首页
登录
职称英语
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experi
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experi
游客
2024-10-25
26
管理
问题
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types: however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses were essentially homogeneous in quality and were transmitted as "common currency" throughout the nervous system. According to his theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.
However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value. Studies showed that sensations as diverse as those of red, black, green, and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses. [br] From the passage we know that the nerve impulses in human beings ______.
选项
A、are lack of differentiation in quality
B、are similar in size, number, and arrangements
C、reveal qualitative diversity
D、spasmodically pass through the nervous system
答案
A
解析
语义理解题。问人类的神经脉冲的性质。文章说:“…神经脉冲从本质上来讲在性质上都是一样的,它作为一般流通被传输到神经系统”(…that nerve impulses were essentially homogeneous in quality and were transmitted as common currency,throughout the nervous system),所以人类的神经脉冲缺乏差异性,并持续不断地通过神经系统。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3816564.html
相关试题推荐
Maryis______thanAlice.A、moreexperiencedteacherB、amoreexperiencedteacher
It’suncertain______theexperimentisworthdoing.A、ifB、thatC、whetherD、howC
Therewasastorm______Ihadneverexperiencedbefore.A、withwhichB、aswithC、s
Mostpeopleexperiencecomputersas"end-users"ofpackagedprograms.Unfor
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochem
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochem
Theboymaybe______experience,butIthinkheisquicktolearnthings.A、inl
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemi
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemi
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemi
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Hello,Patrick,isthatyou?M:YeahJane,whatcanIdofory
为了压缩会议的时间,提高会议的效率,对于代表的口头报告一般要求()。A.与提交
子宫内膜的周期性变化不包括A.黄体期 B.月经期 C.增生期 D.排卵期
人际传播的形式包括A.组织与群体之间 B.个人之间 C.群体与群体之间 D
治疗功能性子宫出血()A.炔诺酮 B.甲睾酮 C.二者皆可 D.二者皆
患者,女,67岁。左下肢发凉、怕冷、麻木,足部及小腿有酸痛,继而出现间歇性跛行,
2015年度,某公司的营业利润40亿元,营业外收入17亿元,营业外支出5亿元,则
从整体来看,在身高、体重方面,小学生处于()。 A.第一个生长高峰期B.发
下列各项中,属于证券资产的系统风险的是( )。A.公司研发风险 B.破产风险
根据《水电建设工程质量管理暂行办法》(电水农[1997]220号),水电建设工程
最新回复
(
0
)