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Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following

游客2024-10-18  39
问题     Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers, researchers say.
    Some of the most【C1】______sights in nature happen when animals form【C2】______ groups and move together as if【C3】______. Earlier work has shown that fish in large groups make better decisions than【C4】______or small groups.
    Many theories have been【C5】______ about how animals might communicate in order to【C6】______this. But now it appears really simple. The researchers【C7】______groups of two, four or eight mosquito fish in a square arena for five minutes【C8】______studied the movements of individuals in each group. The【C9】______of the swimming fish were fed into software which acts like many pairs of eyes to keep【C10】______ on the direction and speed of each fish in the school and【C11】______it responds to other fish around it.
    As schools of fish rarely suffer from crashes or【C12】______, the rules they use could also【C13】______be applied to robotic systems to solve traffic problems. If a system could be【C14】______ where each car knew where each car was and they could respond to each other and communicate with each other, traffic problems【C15】______ be avoid.
    The researchers used a technique called artificial neural networks to look for【C16】______ in the data. And it turns out the【C17】______ well-organized swimming that fish in shoals【C18】______is actually caused by each fish using very simple rules to respond to its neighbors. These rules include " accelerate towards a neighbor that is far away from you" and " decelerate when a neighbor is【C19】______ in front of you". It is also found that a fish only responds to a single nearest neighbor at any one time. Those【C20】______ to be the rules people use when they are driving. [br] 【C17】
选项 A、complexly
B、amazingly
C、perfectly
D、consistently
答案 B
解析 副词辨析题。句意为：结果表明，鱼群所表现出的这种令人惊异的良好的游动秩序实际上就是因为每条鱼都采用一些最简单的规则对其邻居作出回应。空格处需选填的副词用于对其后的形容词进行修饰，说明其程度。鱼群的良好秩序既然已经引发了人类的兴趣和相关的研究，说明应选用正面意义，能表示程度高的词，再由上文第二段第一句所选的incredible可判断本题应选择amazingly“令人惊讶地”，既表示程度高，又可表示作者的态度，与前文呼应。complexly“复杂地”与后文中的simple相悖，可首先排除；鱼群也有受到惊扰的时候，故consistently“一贯地”不符合实际，原文亦没有依据；而根据前文，鱼群也只是很少受到交通问题的困扰，而不是从来没有遇到问题，可见其组织性还不能用“完美”来形容，因此排除perfectly。
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