首页
登录
职称英语
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, s
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, s
游客
2024-10-05
48
管理
问题
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of human relationships, their causes and their effects. Unlike psychology, sociology does not attempt to explain the behavior of a particular individual under certain circumstances. Rather, sociology focuses on social trends or other influences that affect whole groups or categories of people. Thus, while a psychologist might counsel an individual who feels worthless after retiring from a long and successful career, a sociologist would be more likely to examine societal attitudes that may contribute to the loss of self-esteem experienced by many retired persons in our society.
The emphasis that sociology places on human groups rather than individuals stems directly from the work of Emile Durkheim, a pioneering sociologist of the nineteenth century. Durkheim likened the nature of a social group to bronze, a unique metal that is formed when the metals tin, copper, and lead are melted and mixed together. Durkheim noted that bronze is much harder than any of its component metals. In the same way, he reasoned, the characteristics of a social group viewed as a whole cannot be determined simply by examining the characteristics of its individual members. Nor can individuals be understood strictly in terms of the individuals themselves; when people come together as members of a particular group, the group exerts considerable pressure on the individual to conform to what it considers acceptable ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
Besides developing a theoretical foundation for the study of social groups, Durkheim also conducted research de- signed to corroborate his theoretical work. Using landmark research methods, Durkheim collected and analyzed data from a number of countries that kept records on suicides. He wanted to show that social environment may have a profound effect even on those behaviors we consider most personal. The results of his study showed that suicide rates do indeed vary according to specific social characteristics. For example, Durkheim found that members of religions with strong prohibitions against suicide are less likely to commit suicide than are members of religious groups with weaker prohibitions. He also found a lower incidence of suicide among married persons than among persons who were single or divorced. Taken together, the findings of Durkheim’ s study provided convincing evidence that social groups do indeed exert pressures that control or regulate the behavior of individuals, including deeply personal behaviors.
Durkheim’ s rigorous research methods captured the attention of sociologists around the world, and were perhaps even more important to the future development of sociology than any specific research results could be. Within a short time, his specific approach to formulating and testing social theory became a model that guided the work of nearly all sociologists. This assured Emile Durkheim a lasting place as one of the key figures in the history of sociology. [br] Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the selection?
选项
A、Both the social group theory and the scientific research methods developed by Durkheim have contributed much to the field of sociology.
B、Durkheim believed that individual members of a group strongly influence the group’ s ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
C、The research study conducted by Durkheim provided strong evidence that suicide rates vary among members of different social groups.
D、Through his research, Durkheim made great strides in distinguishing sociology from psychology.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3788422.html
相关试题推荐
Sociologyisdefinedasthestudyofhumangroups.Inthebroadestsense,s
Sociologyisdefinedasthestudyofhumangroups.Inthebroadestsense,s
Sociologyisdefinedasthestudyofhumangroups.Inthebroadestsense,s
Inthebroadestsense,justasarchaeologyisanaspectofanthropology,______.
_____Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.[2003]A、AsmuchasB、Somuc
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemi-permanentchangeofresi
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemi-permanentchangeofresi
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentofsempermanentchangeofreside
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentofsempermanentchangeofreside
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentofsempermanentchangeofreside
随机试题
Whosepresidentialtermofthefollowingisthelongest?A、AbrahamLincoln.B、Tho
三叉神经痛的特点为A.自发性、阵发性痛、有夜间痛 B.遇冷、热、酸、甜酸痛,无
情感投入是成为好教师的关键,它包括对学生的()。A.责任感 B.亲近感
矩形、菱形、正方形都具有的性质是( ).A.对角线相等 B.对角线互相垂直
住房公积金的使用范围不包括()。A.管理中心的经营成本 B.职工个
社会工作者小王鼓励擅长书画、篆刻的社区矫正对象发挥自己的特长,组建艺术治疗小组,
急性肾衰竭多尿期的补液量为 a.前一天的尿量b.前一天尿量的2/3或1/2
根据规律,填入问号处正确的图形是()。
患者女,42岁。参加宴会后突发中上腹持续性疼痛伴恶心、呕吐8小时来诊,既往无胃病
下列经济业务事项,既属于财物的收发、增减和使用,又属于收入、费用、支出和成本的计
最新回复
(
0
)