首页
登录
职称英语
European countries have been carefully watching the violence that exploded a
European countries have been carefully watching the violence that exploded a
游客
2024-10-04
32
管理
问题
European countries have been carefully watching the violence that exploded across France, worried that their vehicles and buildings may be the next to burn. For decades, countries across the region have been trying to integrate waves of immigrants and their offspring, none of them completely successfully. From Paris, Lisa Bryant has more on Europe’s integration struggle, and the possibility that unrest in France may spread.
The images of smoldering cars and destroyed buildings in France have made the front pages of newspapers from Brussels to Berlin, ever since the violence exploded two weeks ago from the Paris-area suburb of Clichy-sous-Bois. As clashes and arson attacks, largely staged by young people of African and North African descent, spread to other parts of France, many Europeans have come to the conclusion that France’s integration model has failed.
But as France goes up in flames, some fear other parts of Europe may be the next to burn. Earlier this week, Belgium and Germany reported copycat arson attacks in their countries. But immigration experts, like Han Entzinger, doubts the unrest still roiling France will spread to other parts of Europe. At least not right now.
"Of course this is a question which is preoccupying people all over Europe, but I still think the likelihood is not really very great," said Mr. Entzinger. "One should never say never, but the situation in France on immigration and integration in particular is rather different from the situation in other European countries."
Over the years, European countries have adopted radically different approaches to integrating the foreigners in their midst. Until recently, Germany and Austria embraced a guest-worker policy, based on the idea their immigrants were temporary laborers who would eventually go home. Britain’s immigration policy has championed multiculturalism, and offered affirmative-action programs to give minorities a leg up.
Hugo Brady is an immigration expert at the Center for European Reform, in London. Like their integration policies, he says, the problems European countries face in assimilating foreigners are different as well.
"While there may be regional trends within the EU, there’s not one common problem regarding the integration of immigrants. The Euro-Med area—like Spain, south of France, Greece—have their own particular problems of immigration for areas such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya," said Mr. Brady.
And some countries, including Spain and Italy, are relative newcomers at integrating large waves of immigrants.
Until now, France promoted a theoretically colorblind integration creed. The idea: All French citizens are equal, regardless of their color, religion or ethnic origin. But the last two weeks of riots has exposed deep social inequalities between immigrants and their children and those of ethnic French origin.
But no European integration policy has proved entirely successful. Even Britain, which analysts say has a largely positive legacy of integrating foreigners, is no stranger to unrest, says Danielle Joly. Ms. Joly is director of the Center for Research on Ethnic Relations at the University of Warwick in England.
"The kind of violence they were witnessing in France we already saw 20 years ago in Britain, in the 80s," said Ms. Joly. "There were disturbances rampaging through all the main British cities in the 80s—81, 82, 85. And I would have said that the underpinnings were very similar to the violence in France at the moment."
Those underpinnings include high unemployment and poverty levels in immigrant communities, under-achievement at school and at work, and widespread racial discrimination.
The British government responded to those riots by fully implementing a tough race relations act that had been drafted a few years before. It set up a body to monitor racial discrimination. Today, Ms. Joly says, many immigrants and their children participate in neighborhood associations and in politics. But Ms. Joly, who is of French origin, believes that Britain is no model for France.
"The issue is that France and Britain, the general societies, are so very different. Britain is a community of communities. It is the United Kingdom. The recognition of difference and of ethnicity is not a problem in Britain, because its part of a tradition," she noted. [br] The "underpinnings" can also be classified as items included in
选项
A、the social inequalities.
B、the legacy of integrating immigrants.
C、the colorblind integration creed.
D、the modes of violence.
答案
A
解析
结合第11段最后一句和第12段对underpinnings的描述可以推断underpinnings意为“诱因、缘由”等意思,而从第12段所列举的内容来看,都是一些不公平的社会现象,这些underpinnings造成了移民的暴乱,因此本题应选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3786511.html
相关试题推荐
Europeancountrieshavebeencarefullywatchingtheviolencethatexplodeda
Europeancountrieshavebeencarefullywatchingtheviolencethatexplodeda
Europeancountrieshavebeencarefullywatchingtheviolencethatexplodeda
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatis
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatis
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatis
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatis
WeneedtoreformtheEuropeansocialmodel,notplayroundwithit.Makeit
The35-year-oldBeijingwomaniswatchinganadshowingagianttelevisionm
The35-year-oldBeijingwomaniswatchinganadshowingagianttelevisionm
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Hi,Mary.Doyouwanttostartwritingalabreportafterwef
《普通高等学生辅导员队伍建设规定》指出,辅导员评聘教师职务应坚持()相结合的原
下列关于神经纤维兴奋传导特征的描述,正确的是()A.只能从胞体至末梢单向传导
光感受器的超微结构组成中,不包括A.外节 B.连接绒毛 C.内节 D.紧密
推进中国特色社会主义的伟大事业,仍然要继续围绕()这个首要的基本理论问题,紧紧
根据《水利工程工程量清单计价规范》(GB50501),一般坡面石方开挖的适用范围
当桥梁下部结构的表面风化剥落深度超过30mm且损坏面积较大时,应增设钢筋网浇筑
事故排油池内鹅卵石层不被()所堵塞,无明显积水。(A)淤泥(B)灰渣
根据芝加哥大学教授法玛对有效市场的分类,如果公开发表的证券资料对证券的价格变动没
关于建设期利息计算公式qj=(Pj-1+1/2Aj)×i的应用,下列说法正确的
最新回复
(
0
)