首页
登录
职称英语
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definit
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definit
游客
2024-10-03
19
管理
问题
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well-being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literary became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literary became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15 th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being. [br] What can we learn from the first paragraph?
选项
A、It is fairly easy to determine literacy.
B、There is no illiteracy in a rich family.
C、History sees an even progress towards literacy.
D、In history literacy suffers ups and downs.
答案
D
解析
第一段指出,从古至今,文化水平的提高并非一帆风顺(a story of unbroken progress),某个社会的人的阅读和写作水平受许多因素制约,如:经济状况、阅读材料的多少、受教育机会(the amount of education available)和阅读能力的实用性,故答案为[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3784674.html
相关试题推荐
Accordingtothenewtaxlaw,anymoneyearnedoverthatlevelistaxedatthe__
Thecourtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless______evidenceisprovided.A、definit
AllthefollowingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPTA、Motheristo
WhichisNOTtrueabouttheICC?[originaltext]TheInternationalCriminalC
Accordingtoofficialstatistics,retailsalesinChinarose10%and12.2%inth
Accordingtothespeaker,yogashouldNOTbedescribedas______[br][original
Nigeria’selectionwas______accordingtomostforeignobservers.[originaltext
Accordingtotheconversation,RuthcallsTimbecause[br][originaltext]M:Hel
Accordingtotheconversation,RuthcallsTimbecause[br][originaltext]M:Hel
Accordingtotheconversation,RuthcallsTimbecause[originaltext]M:Hello.Un
随机试题
WhatwasthevolumeofBritishexportstoChinain2017?[originaltext]Themind-
[originaltext]M:Lisa,Lisa!Overhere,darling!It’swonderfultoseeyou.Oh,
Somevillagersweregoingtocelebrate
项目的开发效益应在哪种文件中详细论证?()A.项目建议书 B.可行性研究报
“X=(A+B.×(C-D/E.”的后缀式表示为()。A.XAB+CDE/
胎儿宫内生长发育受限的病因最常见的是A、孕妇因素 B、胎儿基因或染色体异常
能使K-B纸片法抑菌圈直径增大的因素有A.接种细菌浓度超过规定标准B.孵育时间超
一Rh溶血患儿,出现食欲减退、尖叫、抽搐,胆红素上升至347μmol/L,该患儿
小李为办公室购买了红、黄、蓝三种颜色的笔若干支,共花费40.6元。已知红色笔单价
下列各项中可以引起资产和所有者权益同时发生变化的是()。A.宣告分派现金股
最新回复
(
0
)