2. 职称英语
  3. The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faste

The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faste

游客2024-09-29  33
问题     The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became【C1】______ important. Although division of labour had been【C2】______ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,【C3】______ could now become fully realised. This specialisation of labour was in【C4】______ contrast to the rural means of production, in【C5】______ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialisation.【C6】______ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this【C7】______ and changed working life forever.【C8】______ were the days when work was【C9】______ by natural forces: steam engines were servant【C10】______ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more【C11】______ . The clocking-on machine was【C12】______ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only【C13】______ twenty years later.【C14】______ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided【C15】______ and predictable income, but long hours.
    Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working【C16】______ was reorganised to promote ever greater efficiency. The old【C17】______ of St. Monday—when no work was done—was gradually phased out and to【C18】______ , work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume【C19】______ Monday morning. A new division between "work" and "leisure" emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the【C20】______ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes. [br] 【C9】
选项 A、defined
B、dictated
C、limited
D、controlled
答案 B
解析 冒号后的内容是上文的补充说明：蒸汽不是季节和阳光的仆人。season和sunshine都属于natural forces，故此空格填人的词要呼应servant“仆人”。B项dictated除表示“口述，听写”之外，还有“命令，支配”之义，符合语境，说明工作要受自然力量“支配”的日子已经过去了。
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