首页
登录
职称英语
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
游客
2024-09-25
10
管理
问题
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five days spent in Iceland this fall, I heard locals tell this joke several times. The remark once made sense: Iceland was until recently a tree-deprived land, hosting instead an abundance of beautiful wide-open expanses, covered in volcanic rocks, glaciers and some grasses and shrubs. And while it still remains largely that way, trees and woodlands have been steadily returning the past several decades, and an Icelandic forestry industry is beginning to take root. That’s due in large part to a warming climate, which is helping many new types of trees grow here. Over the past 20 years, average temperatures have increased by almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result, trees are growing faster and new varieties are now found here that couldn’t survive before.
Adalsteinn Sigurgeirsson, head of research for the Icelandic forest service, has heard the joke thousands of times. The forest research center where he works is on the slopes of Mount Esja, a short drive outside of Reykjavik. On the way, we pass stands of black cotton wood on roadsides, coppices(矮林)of birch and conifers(针叶树)dotting hillsides. "When I was a kid we had much fewer trees—it was common knowledge that trees couldn’t grow in Reykjavik, and couldn’t grow in Iceland," he says. "And now look!"
Once at the center, we venture into the nearby woods, where trees tower several stories above us. Sigurgeirsson explains that woodlands have many benefits in Iceland: they provide for more biodiversity, create opportunities for recreational activities and reduce soil erosion. Newly planted forests have attracted colonies of goldcrests(Europe’s smallest bird), woodcocks and long-eared owls to the area. These are all ecologically important species that add to the island’s animal diversity, without being invasive and displacing native animals. Woodlands also provide places for Icelanders and tourists to enjoy nature: one recently planted woods called Heidmork near the city now hosts 600,000 visitors per year.
Trees also help prevent soil erosion, which has ravaged Iceland for decades. One study suggested that if Iceland’s rivers were forested, it would limit erosion and improve water quality enough that local populations of salmon would increase five-fold.
Long ago, before Vikings settled this North Atlantic isle in the ninth century, birch forests covered as much as 40 percent of the land. Unfortunately, the Vikings logged or burned most of the trees down within a few centuries. Then, as is common with volcanic soils with little vegetation, much of the land became eroded and barren, says SveinnRun61fsson, director of the country’s Soil Conservation Service. That helps explain why nearly a third of the countryis now considered a "moist desert"—there is enough rain to support plants and trees, but the sandy black soil cannot provide adequate support for roots, and some needed nutrients were leached away long ago.
By the early 20th century, there were virtually no woodlands left in Iceland. But now, trees are coming back. Woodlands now cover 1. 5 percent of the country, and 3.2 million trees were planted last year. Most of these trees were planted by farmers or landowners on private land. They’ve been largely funded by the government, which is spending to create forestry jobs, and to reap the rewards of benefits like erosion reduction, Sigurgeirsson says. This rash of planting began in 1990, and since then, more than 107 million tree seedlings have been put in the ground. [br] What was the main reason for the disappearance of forests in Iceland?
选项
A、The Vikings’ destroying.
B、The eruption of volcanoes.
C、Not enough rainfall.
D、The Increase of farmland.
答案
A
解析
细节题。由题干中的the disappearance of forests定位至第五段第二句。该句明确指出,由于维京人的砍伐和焚烧,冰岛的森林消失殆尽,故[A]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3772842.html
相关试题推荐
Whatisthesituationofyourbrainduringthesleepbeforeanexam?[br][orig
Whatisthesituationofyourbrainduringthesleepbeforeanexam?[br][orig
Whatisthesituationofyourbrainduringthesleepbeforeanexam?[originalte
Duringthemedievaltimes,ifonemancoveredinarmorextendedanopenhandto
Duringthemedievaltimes,ifonemancoveredinarmorextendedanopenhandto
DuringmyfirstsevensemestersasamedicalstudentatGadjahMadaUniversi
DuringmyfirstsevensemestersasamedicalstudentatGadjahMadaUniversi
"HowdoyougetoutofanIcelandicforest?Youstandup."Duringfiveday
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
随机试题
制定礼和刑的是(),其目的是用来维护贵族内部的等级制度,镇压奴隶和平民。A.东周
A.养阴泻火通淋 B.清心泻火,润燥通淋 C.清热利湿通淋 D.清热解毒利
Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculou
下列句子中,加点的成语或俗语使用正确的一项是()。A. B. C. D
一位年轻人曾问乔布斯:你的智慧从哪里来?乔布斯回答:来自精确的判断力。年轻人又问
大额可转让定期存单(CDs)是银行发行的有固定面额、可转让流通的存款凭证。下列关
某增长型永续年金明年将分红1.30元,并将以5%的速度增长下去,年贴现率为10%
下列不属于代理活动包含的法律关系的是( )。A.被代理人与代理人之间的基础法律关
益母草膏是用益母草全草经加工制成的煎膏剂,每100g清膏中加入了200g红糖作为
激素类药物的毒副作用得到人们越来越多的关注,通常情况下,医生在其他药物无效的情况
最新回复
(
0
)