首页
登录
职称英语
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
游客
2024-09-08
13
管理
问题
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise: and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
(2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality: others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
(3)Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha! " experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.
(4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert. [br] The classical model of decision analysis includes all EXCEPT ______.
选项
A、evaluation of a problem
B、establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decision
C、action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem
D、comparison of the probable effects of different solutions to a problem
答案
C
解析
细节题。原文提到了6种模式,将选项与原文对比,可发现选项C未被提及,故正确答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3749038.html
相关试题推荐
speedreading讲座中提到“Thefollowingaresomeguidelinesfromthe‘JustDoIt’school
A、Gotocollege.B、Getgoodgrades.C、Pursueacareer.D、Followherinterests.D
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisusedasapredicative(表语)?A、I’mnow
Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasasubjectcomplement?A、Aletterwaswritten
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPREDICTION?A、Youmustbebackby10o
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedphrasesindicatesCOMPARISON?A、Thecarhadas
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesSUGGESTION?A、Don’tfollowmeallthe
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPERMISSION?A、Lighteningcanbedanger
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedphrasesindicatesCAUSE?A、Withthefloorweta
Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectcomplement?A、Theymadehimcaptai
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Lookwhatamessyou’vemade!I’vetoldyouseveraltimes,but
[originaltext]W:Hello?M:Hi,Sue.It’sBillParkerfromyourcalculusclass.
Hecanonlyblamehimselfforfailingtheexam.He______harderduringtheyear
A—trackandfieldB—cheerleaderC—No.1seedD—chiefref
Don’tletvacationsorbusinesstravelsideline(使退出)yourexerciseroutine.P
价值工程的目标是以()实现项目必须具备的功能。A.最少的项目投资 B.最高的项
在批生产阶段早期环境应力筛选应()。 A.100%进行 B.抽样进行
贷款( )应以实地调查为主、间接调查为辅,采取现场核实、电话查问以及信息咨询等
(2013年)某项目再生烟气SO2排放浓度按850mg/m3设计,年SO2排放
关于加筋土桥台施工的说法,错误的是()。A.当填料为黏性土时,宜在面板后不小于
最新回复
(
0
)