2. 职称英语
  3. The economy of the United States, as well as that of most developed nations,

The economy of the United States, as well as that of most developed nations,

游客2024-07-05  21
问题    The economy of the United States, as well as that of most developed nations, operates according to the principles of the free market. This differs from the economies of socialist or Communist countries, where governments play a strong role in deciding what goods and services will be produced, how they will be distributed, and how much they will cost. Businesses in free-market economies benefit from certain fundamental rights or freedoms. All people in free-market societies have the right to own, use, buy, sell, or give away property, thus permitting them to own and operate their own businesses as private, profit-seeking enterprises. Business owners in free markets may choose to run their businesses however they like. This right gives businesses the authority to hire and fire employees, invest money, purchase machinery and equipment, and choose the markets where they want to operate. In doing so, however, they may not violate or offend against the rights of other businesses and people. Free-market businesses also have the right to keep or reinvest their profits.
   All free-market economies, however, keep the rights of businesses in check to some degree through laws and regulations that monitor business activities. Such laws vary from country to country, but they generally encourage competition by protecting small businesses and consumers from being hurt by more powerful, large enterprises. For example, in the United States, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 prohibits businesses from attempting to control the prices of its products or services, among other provisions. Thus, the Microsoft Company is faced with dissolution.
选项 A、business in a free market economy
B、business in a socialist economy
C、the rights of businesses
D、businesses’ activities
答案 A
解析 此题要求考生读懂全文。整篇文章通过将资本主义的“free market”和社会主义的计划经济比较，来阐述“自由经济”的优势和特点。而“rights of businesses”商业权力只是其讨论的一个要点，所以选A项。
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