首页
登录
职称英语
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infan
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infan
游客
2024-06-10
14
管理
问题
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infants who had already begun to babble, according to Jusczyk, who has written a book on how children acquire language titled The Discovery of Spoken. Language. Babies start to vocalize at around four months of age, and to babble in strings of words at around six or seven months.
"Theories around at that time said that infants perceived speech sounds by producing them," says Jusczyk. In other words, by listening to themselves babble, babies learned to tell one sound from another. Mom, Dad, or the babysitter would reinforce these sounds by repeating their utterances like, "Baba! That’s bottle."
Researchers, however, had not developed methods of deciphering what went through a baby’s mind before baby uttered his first "Ma" or "Papa". So Jusczyk and other experimentalists devised techniques that allow them to study the pre-babbler. They have demonstrated that speech is the culmination of a tremendous amount of learning. Long before a baby utters his first "baba", the researchers discovered, his mind is furiously sorting out the sounds and shapes of words and sentences.
Colleagues credit Jusczyk for being one of the key experimentalists to bridge the gap between the study of infant speech perception and language development. "Peter is the father of a lot of this work," says Robin Cooper, an associate professor of psychology, who studies infant language acquisition.
In their decades-long search for the universal truths about language acquisition, Jusczyk and collaborators around the world have found that at every stage of development, babies know a lot more than they’d been given credit for. The very seeds of language learning, in fact, start to develop in the womb (子宫).
Researchers cannot easily investigate language perception in the womb, however. So they study newborn babies’ reactions to sounds that mimic the muffled language that penetrates the womb. In this technique, newborn babies listen to filtered recordings of a woman (the baby’s mother or another mother) speaking, while sucking on a pacifier (婴儿用的橡皮奶头) that is attached to a pressure transducer (传感器). Filtering erases the crisp edges of words, while leaving intact other features such as rhythm, melody, pitch, and intonation—similar to what a fetus (胎儿) hears in the womb. "It’s kind of like listening to a stereo next door," says William Fifer, an associate professor of developmental psychobiology at Columbia University. "You hear a lot of bass, but not the crisp, clear high frequencies."
Using this technique, Fifer and his colleagues found that newborns suck harder on the pacifier when listening to filtered recordings of their own mother’s voice in comparison to another mother’s. The newborns thus recognize and prefer their own mother’s voice, concludes Fifer.
In further studies, Jusczyk and postdoc Thierry Nazzi found that newborns prefer filtered recordings of their own native language over that of a foreign language. "Babies like what they know," says Jusczyk. "Newborns," he says, "apparently learn the rhythm of their native language and of their mother’s voice while in the womb." [br] Before a baby babbles his first "Ma" or "Papa", ______.
选项
A、he must be exposed to the language
B、his mind must have some input of sounds and words
C、he learns a lot of utterances
D、his mind is busy sorting out the sounds and shapes of words
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3627533.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Languageisawaytocommunicatewitheachother.Westartedt
[originaltext]Languageisawaytocommunicatewitheachother.Westartedt
[originaltext]Languageisawaytocommunicatewitheachother.Westartedt
Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Individualchildrenvarygreatlyin
【S1】[br]【S7】have—hasonly修饰状语置于句首时,引起句子局部倒装,故将have提前;focusedon意为“集中精力手”,后接名词或动
Englishistheleadinginternationallanguage.Indifferentcountriesaround
[originaltext]Studiesshowthattelevisionplaysabigpartinthelivesof
[originaltext]Studiesshowthattelevisionplaysabigpartinthelivesof
IBMresearchersareattemptingtowarmuphuman-computerrelationships.For
IBMresearchersareattemptingtowarmuphuman-computerrelationships.For
随机试题
Janeishappyandexcited.Sheisgoingtobemarriedtomorrowanditisone
ConsumersinCaliforniaseekingpersonalloanshavefewerbankstoturntothan
编辑加工题:阅读分析短稿,并按照稿件加工整理的规范进行编辑加工。(本题20分)
(2021年真题)2021年3月2日,甲单位经接受A公司委托承担一项科研任务,项
具有补气生血功用的方剂是( )。A.四君子汤 B.参苓白术散 C.当归补血
关于毒品犯罪,下列哪些选项是正确的?()A.明知他人实施毒品犯罪而为其居间介绍
亿新鞋业有限公司和怡新鞋业有限公司是在海关注册的两家中外合资企业,两家企业的法人
A
浅埋大跨度隧道及地表下沉量要求严格而围岩条件很差的情况下,宜采用()。A.
混凝土混合料应按质量比计算配合比,其外加剂的允许误差为( )。A.±0.5%
最新回复
(
0
)