首页
登录
职称英语
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once
游客
2024-06-03
25
管理
问题
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once merely exported raw materials and cash crops in return for manufactured goods. People in these countries provided for most of their own needs through subsistence agriculture and small-scale crafts. In time, though, people in these countries grew increasingly dependent on the global economy, because local crafts could not compete with the cheap, factory-made exports of the developed countries, such as European nations, the United States, and Japan. To decrease their dependence, many developing countries sought to strengthen their economies by building factories, modern dams, and roads during the 1960s and 1970s: Governments frequently made poor financial choices. However, infrastructure projects such as dams and highways were often too massive for local needs. Choices about industry were sometimes not based on the best interests of the country, and protection from competition frequently resulted in inferior goods. As a result, products could not compete on the global market with the higher-quality goods from the industrialized countries. Many developing countries then had little income to pay off debts incurred (招致) during their expansion.
A few developing economies succeeded in building prosperity through industrialization during the 20th century. The most notable of these were South Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong S. A. R. Like Japan during the 19th century, they established tariffs and other barriers to protect local products from foreign competition and invested local wealth in industrial development. Also like Japan, they focused on selling the products they manufactured to foreign consumers in order to bring wealth into the country. By the end of the 20th century some experts considered these economies to be developed, rather than developing, although many of South Korea’s economic successes were reversed in the financial crisis of 1997. Following a similar path, China advanced economically through a rapid expansion of manufactured exports during the late 20th century.
Meanwhile, multinationals based in the economically developed world set up low-wage manufacturing facilities in some developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia and in Central and South America. These factories typically generated few long-term benefits for the local economy. The profits flowed outside the country to the shareholders of the foreign multinationals. Also, the developing countries were forced to participate in a "race to the bottom" to attract multinational investment. If a developing country or its people taught higher wages or enforced labor or environmental protections, multinationals often simply relocated production to a country with lower costs. [br] What measures did the developing countries take to keep their economy independent in the 1960s and 1970s?
选项
答案
Building factories, modem dams, and roads.
解析
本题问“二十世纪六、七十年代发展中国家通过什么措施来缓解其经济对发达国家过分依赖的现状”。根据题文中的关键词“independent”可确定相关部分在文中第一段六行处。文中提到“To decrease their dependence, many developing countries sought to strengthen their economies by building factories, modern dams, and roads during the 1960s and 1970s.”(二十世纪六、七十年代,为了减少本国对全球经济的依赖,许多发展中国家通过建设工厂、现代化的水坝以及道路等措施来增强其经济实力)。因此,答案为Building factories,modern dams, and roads。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3617593.html
相关试题推荐
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
Themostimportantstepindevelopinganeffectivecampaign,andthestepwh
Themostimportantstepindevelopinganeffectivecampaign,andthestepwh
Themostimportantstepindevelopinganeffectivecampaign,andthestepwh
InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest--growingU.S.m
InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest--growingU.S.m
InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest--growingU.S.m
随机试题
It’softendangeroustogeneralize,butunderthreat,IwouldsaythatAmeri
[originaltext](22)Askayoungchild"Howwasschooltoday?"andyou’relike
消防水泵按出口压力等级分为低压消防泵和()。A.中压消防泵 B.中低压消
新生儿患儿,在出生后出现呕吐,呼吸急促、不规则,皮肤发灰,体温低,软弱无力。已知
小周、小李、小贺、小齐4人把各自的手机放在一个盒子里(手机款式、外观、材质相同)
下列不可以采用留置的担保形式的合同是()。A.买卖合同 B.保管合同 C.
在以客户的内在属性分类中,( )是最著名、最常用的客户分类方法。A.按消费行为
甲企业拟投资某证券资产组合,假设该组合的β系数为0.5,股票价格指数平均收益率为
某业主邀请若干厂家对某商务楼的设计方案进行评价,经专家讨论确定的主要评价指标分别
建设项目融资后分析应以( )为基础,考察技术方案在拟定融资条件下的盈利能力、偿
最新回复
(
0
)