2. 职称英语
  3. Since the dawn of human ingenuity(独创性), people have devised ever more cunnin

Since the dawn of human ingenuity(独创性), people have devised ever more cunnin

游客2024-05-04  39
问题     Since the dawn of human ingenuity(独创性), people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics — the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.
    As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos(发明)whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with sub-millimeter accuracy.

    But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves.
    "While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, " we can’t yet give a robot enough ’ common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. "
    Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors’(微型处理器)might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
    What they found is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantly focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it. [br] Facing with a rapidly changing scene, even the most advanced robot can not quickly find______ information that it needs.
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答案 relevent
解析 根据关键词rapidly changing scene，找到原文最后一段，人脑对于快速转换的画面，只需瞥一眼就能立刻忽略掉98％的无关(irrelevant)信息，马上将目光聚集到蜿蜒的森林小路旁的那只猴子身上。而地球上最先进的计算机系统也不具备这种能力，这种能力指的就是人具有忽略无关信息，并快速定位相关信息的能力，所以答案为文中irrelevant的反义词relevant。
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