2. 职称英语
  3. Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of

Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of

游客2024-05-02  39
问题     Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect US government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.
    By 1973, domestic US sources of oil were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC’s desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to US support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo(禁运)created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortage drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.
    In response to the embargo, the US government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources(such as those on Alaska’s North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile(贮存)of oil as a short-term buffer(缓冲)against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month’s supply. [br] Besides the sharp increase in oil prices, OPEC’s 1973 oil embargo caused______.
选项
答案 panic in the West
解析 细节辨认题。由定位句可知，禁运在西方国家引起了恐慌，导致了油价的暴涨。题干中的the sharp increase in oil prices作caused的宾语，该表述是对原文中caused oil prices to shoot up的同义转换。和原文对比，题干中缺少的内容为panic in the West，故为答案。
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