首页
登录
职称英语
J. Craig Venter and his colleagues recently announced that they had created
J. Craig Venter and his colleagues recently announced that they had created
游客
2024-04-17
19
管理
问题
J. Craig Venter and his colleagues recently announced that they had created the first cell to run on a fully artificial genome(基因组). So what’s next for this man-made strain of microscopic(精微的)Mycoplasma mycoides(丝状支原体)and the new technology?
The "synthetic cell" achievement has been praised, condemned and undercut, but it has yet to fully demystify life’s underlying code, the genome.
Researchers built much of the bacterium’s(细菌)genome without fully understanding the function of many of the million-plus base pairs involved. About half of the genes, in fact, are still " a complete black box," said Richard Roberts of New England Biolabs, Inc. , in a commentary after Venter’s talk.
But a bit like complex builder sets can help illuminate some of the basic rules of physics and engineering, scientists are hoping that constructing—and deconstructing and reconstructing—whole genomes will help them better understand genomic principles. Scientists, for instance,, don’t yet know what role or importance the order of genes in the genome plays. They have seen that in some cases, genes can have their order exchanged with little visible outcome on life, whereas, specific sequence might be more important elsewhere on the genome.
Although the researchers based their synthetic genome on the natural one, their cell did not behave exactly the same, Venter noted. Usually when you mess around with the inner workings of a cell, especially its genetic code, growth rate tends to slow. With this one, however, there was a huge increase in the growth rate.
So how long will it be until scientists can synthesize genomes for other, more complex forms of life?
" One of the group’s long-term goals," said Venter, " is to develop a universal recipient cell, into which researchers can plug a variety of synthetic genomes and see how they run. " " And in the future" , he proposed, " it might be cheaper for scientists to synthesize simple organisms than to grow them. "
Roberts is happy to see the synthetic genome advance as a way to refocus research interest and attention on bacteria, which he calls " cute ... lovely little organisms. " In particular, being able to better understand the genomes of bacteria can have broad health implications for people, who host some 100 trillion microbial cells in and on their bodies.
The field of genomics, however, can be slow-going and riddled with many costly mistakes. Just one error small in earlier attempts to assemble a synthetic code set the researchers on Venter’s team back months. But James Watson, former head of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory whose co-discovery of DNA more than 50 years ago helped to lay the foundation for this work, was pleased by the speed of progress. "We’ve been so much more successful that you might have predicted," he said at the symposium. [br] According to the passage, it can be safely said that______.
选项
A、the creation of the "synthetic cell" had a very smooth experience
B、according to Richard Roberts, half of the genes are still mysterious to them
C、scientists do constructing, deconstructing to build a fully artificial genome
D、venter created the first synthetic cell by understanding the function of base pairs
答案
B
解析
由B)的关键词Richard Roberts和half of the genes可定位到第三段第二句。该句引用罗伯特的话说,差不多有一半的基因对于我们来说还完全是“黑匣子”,因此B)“根据理查德·罗伯特所说,他们对近一半的基因仍然一无所知”与该句描述基本一致。因此B)为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3559498.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]W:Haveyouevervisitedaredwoodforest?Irecentlyhadachanc
[originaltext]W:Haveyouevervisitedaredwoodforest?Irecentlyhadachanc
[originaltext]W:Haveyouevervisitedaredwoodforest?Irecentlyhadachanc
Untilrecently,theUniversityofKentprideditselfonitsfriendlyimage.
Untilrecently,theUniversityofKentprideditselfonitsfriendlyimage.
Untilrecently,theUniversityofKentprideditselfonitsfriendlyimage.
Untilrecently,theUniversityofKentprideditselfonitsfriendlyimage.
[originaltext]W:Hi,Scott,haveyouheardaboutDianarecently?M:No,Ihave
[originaltext]Recentlyafive-yearstudywasconductedbytheCenterforCh
[originaltext]W:Mybikewasstolenrecently.Isitpossibletolendmeyoursfo
随机试题
职业拳击在社会各个阶层中激起了种种情绪,并引发了各种问题,其中主要是道德和医疗问题。(awidevarietyof)Professionalboxing
Whatisthetableoffiguresabout?[originaltext]W:Nowyou’veseenthistable
机动车在道路上发生故障难以移动时,下列做法正确的是什么?()A.开启危险报警闪
施工成本构成的内容包括()。A.人工费 B.材料费 C.利润 D.税金
修复前对余留牙的一般临床检查不包括A.数目 B.位置 C.根长 D.形态
H受体拮抗剂如何服用A.餐前1h B.餐前0.5h C.餐后1h D.与食
小王上山每分钟走50米,下山每分钟走80米。他从山脚出发到达山顶后立刻原路下山,
下列固定资产的折旧方法中,各期提取相同折旧额的方法是()。A.平均年限法 B.
(2019年真题)根据《环境影响评价技术导则—地表水环境》(HJ2.3—2018
乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)的主要传染源是 A.猪B.乙脑病毒携带者 C.乙脑患者
最新回复
(
0
)