[originaltext]W: Hey, Mario. Can you tell me how many people are living in Aust

W: Hey, Mario. Can you tell me how many people are living in Australia today?
M: There are more than 15 million people living in Australia. But only 160,000 of these are natives,
W: So where have the rest come from?
M: Well, until 1850 most of the settlers came from Britain and Ireland and, as we know, many of these were prisoners. Then in 1851 something happened and changed everything. Gold was discovered in southeastern Australia. During the next ten years, nearly 700,000 people went to Australia to find gold and become rich. Many of them were Chinese.
W: When did the first Italians arrive in Australia?
M: The first Italians went there, like the Chinese, in the gold-rush, hoping to find gold and become rich. But most also went there for political reasons. During the 1850s and 1860s different states in Italy were fighting for independence and some Italians were forced to leave their homelands because they were in danger of being put in prison for political reasons.
W: I believe there are a lot of Italians in the sugar industry.
M: Yes, that’s right. In 1891 the first group of 300 Italians went to work in the sugarcane fields of northern Australia. They worked very hard and many saved enough money to buy their own land. In this way they came to dominate the sugar industry on many parts of the Queensland coast.
W: But not all Italians work in the sugar industry, do they?
M: No. A lot of them are in the fishing industry. Italy has a long coastline, as you know, and Italians have always been good fishermen. At the end of the 19th century some of them went to western Australia to make a new life for themselves. Again, many of them, including my grandfather, were successful.
W: Wow, you are really a walking history textbook. Thank you for telling me all those things.
M: My pleasure.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1.What does the speaker say about the population in Australia?
2.Why did most of the first Italians go to Australia?
3.How did Italians dominate the sugar industry on many parts of the Queensland coast?
4.What do we learn about Italians according to the conversation?